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2008-11-02 01:02:11 来自: lightpie(上次登录还是1.5年前.....)
3 V! ~4 F( J" P1 c' P比尔·盖茨在哈佛大学毕业典礼上的演讲 # T# P5 i/ R# q, _* [& c# ^/ q$ m
6 L% R2 ?# R, x, K) S+ ?. [: Q2007年6月7日 9 c3 y3 s" c: B% ~
, R- ^; l w6 y* ^- Z3 i阮一峰 译 . K7 d) t0 |: U) h1 N% S
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0 [& n* f* H- u8 ?President Bok, former President Rudenstine, incoming President Faust, members : m2 U7 Y7 g1 L
of the Harvard Corporation and the Board of Overseers, members of the faculty,
. A- u* }3 x, I6 Xparents, and especially, the graduates: & c( j' Z* G3 j1 t, p. {: G
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尊敬的Bok校长,Rudenstine前校长,即将上任的Faust校长,哈佛集团的各位成员,监管
7 v5 u4 I; T6 P) h4 Z z1 p理事会的各位理事,各位老师,各位家长,各位同学:
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I've been waiting more than 30 years to say this: "Dad, I always told you I'd 2 `; @7 Z( ~1 P9 N8 l% Q0 D
come back and get my degree." ) x% U5 g/ f9 a, E4 }- F/ G- e
# r; H! G' d5 z: c8 E I) ]) I有一句话我等了三十年,现在终于可以说了:“老爸,我总是跟你说,我会回来拿到我的
9 @4 Z+ t) T0 U学位的!” 3 w4 C( B2 M9 O0 w4 M' ~9 B1 a
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I want to thank Harvard for this timely honor. I'll be changing my job next ye
# d# i0 H9 O+ \2 S( z# F5 v- yar … and it will be nice to finally have a college degree on my resume.
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! \9 r9 f ~5 b o9 Q我要感谢哈佛大学在这个时候给我这个荣誉。明年,我就要换工作了(注:指从微软公司
; i8 n7 P" i2 X# r7 q* G* c3 P# {退休)……我终于可以在简历上写我有一个本科学位,这真是不错啊。
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I applaud the graduates today for taking a much more direct route to your degr ) ]. O6 I5 N0 P( O9 |* Y' g" _
ees. For my part, I'm just happy that the Crimson has called me "Harvard's mos
. ]9 C3 F( t# ~3 p$ ?0 s5 p6 n* j# ft successful dropout." I guess that makes me valedictorian of my own special c 9 S( ~$ ]! Z- e1 R: G- U) A g" P
lass … I did the best of everyone who failed.
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0 f8 h/ j; b, m9 D- e/ A我为今天在座的各位同学感到高兴,你们拿到学位可比我简单多了。哈佛的校报称我是“
* P T5 W5 \5 a哈佛大学历史上最成功的辍学生”。我想这大概使我有资格代表我这一类学生发言……在 2 }3 P+ e5 z; ^
所有的失败者里,我做得最好。 8 g- ]: D: h2 h) g
) k& h0 m, H8 l5 rBut I also want to be recognized as the guy who got Steve Ballmer to drop out - f$ n& V& E1 T) o! U5 Y, d
of business school. I'm a bad influence. That's why I was invited to speak at & J' b" c) y0 o
your graduation. If I had spoken at your orientation, fewer of you might be he - o4 C0 t5 K1 a
re today. 4 z" P4 y) N' z
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但是,我还要提醒大家,我使得Steve Ballmer(注:微软总经理)也从哈佛商学院退学了
9 M2 r- e' H `6 _, i1 n: F6 h0 |。因此,我是个有着恶劣影响力的人。这就是为什么我被邀请来在你们的毕业典礼上演讲 ! ^8 L- Z: b3 B! `
。如果我在你们入学欢迎仪式上演讲,那么能够坚持到今天在这里毕业的人也许会少得多
. Z3 p5 J8 A* ?$ I- [( s5 k吧。 7 R. }9 G8 C+ T. H) d+ Y
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Harvard was just a phenomenal experience for me. Academic life was fascinating
3 N9 Q4 N) I2 n4 r G& k. I used to sit in on lots of classes I hadn't even signed up for. And dorm li
& h: l! a& n% z( j& x4 F7 t9 n8 Ofe was terrific. I lived up at Radcliffe, in Currier House. There were always
5 I# F) B7 Y2 Y. e5 l# Tlots of people in my dorm room late at night discussing things, because everyo
* H7 ]( z; y3 r8 v0 Kne knew I didn't worry about getting up in the morning. That's how I came to b
9 X8 q, D1 P+ W+ d# U$ I, t7 Pe the leader of the anti-social group. We clung to each other as a way of vali
1 c* s1 B0 _5 W- odating our rejection of all those social people.
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对我来说,哈佛的求学经历是一段非凡的经历。校园生活很有趣,我常去旁听我没选修的 + P2 T- } ?/ U4 U- V, Z8 r
课。哈佛的课外生活也很棒,我在Radcliffe过着逍遥自在的日子。每天我的寝室里总有很 / I/ E, B) T: k. A" z3 H9 a
多人一直待到半夜,讨论着各种事情。因为每个人都知道我从不考虑第二天早起。这使得 9 B1 Y' P# L7 E" h4 K* T# m7 ^
我变成了校园里那些不安分学生的头头,我们互相粘在一起,做出一种拒绝所有正常学生
& Z3 w9 }. v0 y5 y9 |, t1 ]的姿态。
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Radcliffe was a great place to live. There were more women up there, and most ' v. d+ j4 s2 @) K4 f
of the guys were science-math types. That combination offered me the best odds
) @! {9 u6 [5 c, if you know what I mean. This is where I learned the sad lesson that improvi 2 w, y _* t. d/ c$ U5 X& U
ng your odds doesn't guarantee success. 3 o3 S/ a( C0 G, |' H
* q; G; D, ^& B' m- T0 o( nRadcliffe是个过日子的好地方。那里的女生比男生多,而且大多数男生都是理工科的。这
5 A) Y7 C0 w/ c u8 J种状况为我创造了最好的机会,如果你们明白我的意思。可惜的是,我正是在这里学到了
0 U# O: c* c& ^7 \; f. T/ u- f人生中悲伤的一课:机会大,并不等于你就会成功。
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One of my biggest memories of Harvard came in January 1975, when I made a call & ~6 b% ?. Y6 i# `4 |+ ^& _
from Currier House to a company in Albuquerque that had begun making the worl : g& k' R8 N8 i6 W; |# A! z
d's first personal computers. I offered to sell them software.
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我在哈佛最难忘的回忆之一,发生在1975年1月。那时,我从宿舍楼里给位于Albuquerque
* ]; ? {9 z3 V9 w/ s4 x' g8 \& p的一家公司打了一个电话,那家公司已经在着手制造世界上第一台个人电脑。我提出想向
/ F" V% G, M" E: U. b1 t: _5 t他们出售软件。 ) ?, Q' x( t! u5 u# i' p# }( G
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I worried that they would realize I was just a student in a dorm and hang up o 7 t) h; D' [+ r$ @
n me. Instead they said: "We're not quite ready, come see us in a month," whic
" i! R2 X$ |9 S8 H8 S( ~( {h was a good thing, because we hadn't written the software yet. From that mome . ~$ R: b3 g6 s. b* h
nt, I worked day and night on this little extra credit project that marked the . N( S/ ~5 c+ h% J6 J% M# B4 X4 e+ o
end of my college education and the beginning of a remarkable journey with Mi
$ C; V& T: L, }( c( T7 C0 p+ y7 xcrosoft.
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( _" H: B) B1 [5 B, \6 W我很担心,他们会发觉我是一个住在宿舍的学生,从而挂断电话。但是他们却说:“我们
2 w5 Q. p( Z2 A还没准备好,一个月后你再来找我们吧。”这是个好消息,因为那时软件还根本没有写出 : r' m! X* O+ }4 A4 V6 a
来呢。就是从那个时候起,我日以继夜地在这个小小的课外项目上工作,这导致了我学生
+ E4 o/ O/ ]" `+ ^生活的结束,以及通往微软公司的不平凡的旅程的开始。
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What I remember above all about Harvard was being in the midst of so much ener # f& T; s, V/ a% e7 ? H
gy and intelligence. It could be exhilarating, intimidating, sometimes even di 2 K0 G; o/ {4 _, R
scouraging, but always challenging. It was an amazing privilege – and though , ?1 t2 p% i* V+ l7 D) G
I left early, I was transformed by my years at Harvard, the friendships I made ) R& k/ [0 N8 [- f ^
, and the ideas I worked on. 9 `9 o1 a3 }1 g# y" E* _7 h; y1 @
, {. I9 s1 Z" q4 F不管怎样,我对哈佛的回忆主要都与充沛的精力和智力活动有关。哈佛的生活令人愉快,
) ^8 C( N7 |2 C( N7 z# c v也令人感到有压力,有时甚至会感到泄气,但永远充满了挑战性。生活在哈佛是一种吸引
/ M5 I. n/ k; W* q. e人的特殊待遇……虽然我离开得比较早,但是我在这里的经历、在这里结识的朋友、在这 ) ]" j7 {) E( e) F. F
里发展起来的一些想法,永远地改变了我。 3 q% ]: C+ e9 K- ~0 B( c
6 v+ q; |5 F9 \( I9 ^- tBut taking a serious look back … I do have one big regret. ) f, M; X% _7 ?# X( Z
! _5 q4 t# j+ c4 u& _但是,如果现在严肃地回忆起来,我确实有一个真正的遗憾。
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I left Harvard with no real awareness of the awful inequities in the world –
0 T& ^8 p3 T3 Z+ _the appalling disparities of health, and wealth, and opportunity that condemn + R. v6 a X* V. l+ o4 h- S
millions of people to lives of despair. & m ]$ `5 u# _8 Z4 U& T. {
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我离开哈佛的时候,根本没有意识到这个世界是多么的不平等。人类在健康、财富和机遇
1 J* w+ R X/ {# G/ s9 V上的不平等大得可怕,它们使得无数的人们被迫生活在绝望之中。 4 w; \8 b e. V
% U# i' y! z' ZI learned a lot here at Harvard about new ideas in economics and politics. I g , ~0 b, U# V$ ?
ot great exposure to the advances being made in the sciences.
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我在哈佛学到了很多经济学和政治学的新思想。我也了解了很多科学上的新进展。
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, t1 V3 G- U7 K* l2 V$ v& NBut humanity's greatest advances are not in its discoveries – but in how thos , Y1 H$ F9 X* y5 Q% L6 L
e discoveries are applied to reduce inequity. Whether through democracy, stron
, O( i' `* W# fg public education, quality health care, or broad economic opportunity – redu " r: g" M' F- u$ a
cing inequity is the highest human achievement.
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但是,人类最大的进步并不来自于这些发现,而是来自于那些有助于减少人类不平等的发 ; z" p; s6 }; t$ }$ `7 Y) [
现。不管通过何种手段——民主制度、健全的公共教育体系、高质量的医疗保健、还是广 . k3 _! k k# v+ ]! N4 P
泛的经济机会——减少不平等始终是人类最大的成就。 : N6 B0 j# ]5 r6 e5 q
* g/ v# U$ N. _I left campus knowing little about the millions of young people cheated out of & s1 @! `4 g% H1 U0 h8 L. F( A
educational opportunities here in this country. And I knew nothing about the
6 r& w' v) a F: w$ I4 N0 }millions of people living in unspeakable poverty and disease in developing cou
$ a- A8 F6 W p( nntries. & B+ _' q6 o, D0 D5 x
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我离开校园的时候,根本不知道在这个国家里,有几百万的年轻人无法获得接受教育的机 7 v- b: {& i4 K* h, N4 u
会。我也不知道,发展中国家里有无数的人们生活在无法形容的贫穷和疾病之中。 % _# V( k |7 K, g% k
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It took me decades to find out. ' k, r! Z* h+ G
4 I" K% A6 P+ U+ x0 W我花了几十年才明白了这些事情。 $ b$ b+ k1 J$ Z2 L) B# Y
" k, G& A$ P9 m4 wYou graduates came to Harvard at a different time. You know more about the wor / y$ h6 ?: p& J' Q. \
ld's inequities than the classes that came before. In your years here, I hope
1 C8 x% V B. j: e Pyou've had a chance to think about how – in this age of accelerating technolo
- m3 U/ a& H. R9 k& Agy – we can finally take on these inequities, and we can solve them.
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# N0 Q' S: G; M在座的各位同学,你们是在与我不同的时代来到哈佛的。你们比以前的学生,更多地了解
2 ~, G; A% {6 M' j. \) X) x世界是怎样的不平等。在你们的哈佛求学过程中,我希望你们已经思考过一个问题,那就
, S* j; c4 p6 L' |: P是在这个新技术加速发展的时代,我们怎样最终应对这种不平等,以及我们怎样来解决这 / w5 Z; N. j: U' H% l* c
个问题。
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7 s% z+ c, i" W7 C MImagine, just for the sake of discussion, that you had a few hours a week and
( o& v/ ~$ E( \8 o' S! ka few dollars a month to donate to a cause – and you wanted to spend that tim % t8 U+ R8 M# t x$ I7 |, _
e and money where it would have the greatest impact in saving and improving li
$ U V9 A# g+ ?: gves. Where would you spend it?
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为了讨论的方便,请想象一下,假如你每个星期可以捐献一些时间、每个月可以捐献一些
* U& h5 N4 G5 e钱——你希望这些时间和金钱,可以用到对拯救生命和改善人类生活有最大作用的地方。 7 y5 F; R/ \# J; I8 }6 ^
你会选择什么地方?
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2 {( b7 F4 N& gFor Melinda and for me, the challenge is the same: how can we do the most good
* f. }# _+ s% i* c7 ?/ s/ vfor the greatest number with the resources we have. / z6 b; A9 X! \( P4 c0 c+ _
: i9 {# H S* b+ t4 y' }3 q/ U对Melinda(注:盖茨的妻子)和我来说,这也是我们面临的问题:我们如何能将我们拥有
3 s* v$ i9 F; c' O的资源发挥出最大的作用。
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: t1 e; V" J1 KDuring our discussions on this question, Melinda and I read an article about t
+ i9 ~( K8 G; M8 }2 Q: d" bhe millions of children who were dying every year in poor countries from disea
N( X4 f( J- a) L2 _9 Y wses that we had long ago made harmless in this country. Measles, malaria, pneu 3 o+ _* m" _) |+ U9 `3 S3 [2 t2 n
monia, hepatitis B, yellow fever. One disease I had never even heard of, rotav
; S. D: P3 t6 o$ f2 Kirus, was killing half a million kids each year – none of them in the United 5 y9 F$ p- I) Y/ B2 P. u/ P- A5 _3 a3 @
States.
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在讨论过程中,Melinda和我读到了一篇文章,里面说在那些贫穷的国家,每年有数百万的
4 V" ^6 v* r3 @儿童死于那些在美国早已不成问题的疾病。麻疹、疟疾、肺炎、乙型肝炎、黄热病、还有 7 [8 ^* \" D3 h9 b L+ s8 V: D
一种以前我从未听说过的轮状病毒,这些疾病每年导致50万儿童死亡,但是在美国一例死
1 V* I/ c$ A( b0 N5 r亡病例也没有。
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We were shocked. We had just assumed that if millions of children were dying a , Z# Z3 N2 n5 L( t
nd they could be saved, the world would make it a priority to discover and del 9 b' y+ Q6 q7 m. f9 H
iver the medicines to save them. But it did not. For under a dollar, there wer
( X2 N2 t& x3 M* m* de interventions that could save lives that just weren't being delivered.
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我们被震惊了。我们想,如果几百万儿童正在死亡线上挣扎,而且他们是可以被挽救的, - c- L1 G+ W: [4 F# w7 f
那么世界理应将用药物拯救他们作为头等大事。但是事实并非如此。那些价格还不到一美
! I7 S# d& A% H6 K M# K5 u0 R元的救命的药剂,并没有送到他们的手中。
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If you believe that every life has equal value, it's revolting to learn that s . @1 i7 `2 Y% Q' J$ p6 T
ome lives are seen as worth saving and others are not. We said to ourselves: "
6 Q9 z' c+ m9 K9 ~, LThis can't be true. But if it is true, it deserves to be the priority of our g % s7 v3 b( E* X) X
iving."
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如果你相信每个生命都是平等的,那么当你发现某些生命被挽救了,而另一些生命被放弃
2 v. x( F E- C9 A3 y5 O了,你会感到无法接受。我们对自己说:“事情不可能如此。如果这是真的,那么它理应 7 E) V3 T5 t: h+ o# U- f9 o
是我们努力的头等大事。”
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So we began our work in the same way anyone here would begin it. We asked: "Ho
; Z2 U$ T+ }9 Lw could the world let these children die?"
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所以,我们用任何人都会想到的方式开始工作。我们问:“这个世界怎么可以眼睁睁看着 * N, A- |3 {7 u$ x! L0 @
这些孩子死去?” 0 S& C/ w4 L$ c7 B2 N3 I
* u2 T& ]9 \6 i9 o: N7 jThe answer is simple, and harsh. The market did not reward saving the lives of
: W: s& F. `/ J$ n$ |these children, and governments did not subsidize it. So the children died be d0 L P. a2 ^1 |# L5 i) A
cause their mothers and their fathers had no power in the market and no voice 9 H. [, m3 N9 J( c. W( o! E
in the system.
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答案很简单,也很令人难堪。在市场经济中,拯救儿童是一项没有利润的工作,政府也不
# o7 J, s4 u0 G9 ?+ Y3 m1 y会提供补助。这些儿童之所以会死亡,是因为他们的父母在经济上没有实力,在政治上没 ' c1 w8 |% _+ S1 C4 d# F# p% x
有能力发出声音。
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4 o* |; U4 b/ |9 m/ L: BBut you and I have both.
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但是,你们和我在经济上有实力,在政治上能够发出声音。
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We can make market forces work better for the poor if we can develop a more cr
) n- ?' q: g; V& a7 c* aeative capitalism – if we can stretch the reach of market forces so that more . ?& N* ]; }- B, L+ S! E
people can make a profit, or at least make a living, serving people who are s
+ u5 |" E b0 p6 C, juffering from the worst inequities. We also can press governments around the w ' U S9 u1 I" p5 g
orld to spend taxpayer money in ways that better reflect the values of the peo
' U0 N9 e4 c' n% J: {' Zple who pay the taxes. ( N# l- k1 i1 T6 P. P& F
) l0 Z# m b4 B) z; A
我们可以让市场更好地为穷人服务,如果我们能够设计出一种更有创新性的资本主义制度 # @0 X- P' [! u8 _1 c# w( g% |- M
——如果我们可以改变市场,让更多的人可以获得利润,或者至少可以维持生活——那么 , W& a! G5 _9 F+ {8 `- _
,这就可以帮到那些正在极端不平等的状况中受苦的人们。我们还可以向全世界的政府施 ! v, G' }. Q8 k2 C7 g% p5 T
压,要求他们将纳税人的钱,花到更符合纳税人价值观的地方。
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If we can find approaches that meet the needs of the poor in ways that generat ; C+ I$ W7 e! p3 d# s2 q
e profits for business and votes for politicians, we will have found a sustain 2 R1 w' d. ?2 Z
able way to reduce inequity in the world. This task is open-ended. It can neve ) [) ^7 z8 d- x: ?5 J6 M2 B
r be finished. But a conscious effort to answer this challenge will change the : ^& @5 `; C% I9 G
world. + x; }+ c$ h/ w! a8 Z
1 S* Y7 |# z0 y( z. }如果我们能够找到这样一种方法,既可以帮到穷人,又可以为商人带来利润,为政治家带 2 J' V; q- M) |
来选票,那么我们就找到了一种减少世界性不平等的可持续的发展道路。这个任务是无限 ; d; j i# s2 f) _2 u( E
的。它不可能被完全完成,但是任何自觉地解决这个问题的尝试,都将会改变这个世界。
; I" A& H2 W* W5 D6 }( }' o% Y( h) f
3 v! U/ x3 F1 @$ S& G0 t$ M7 R
: K. i+ x0 l1 n2 Q$ \! `4 X- u) b# XI am optimistic that we can do this, but I talk to skeptics who claim there is
M4 f3 N5 y) @1 Gno hope. They say: "Inequity has been with us since the beginning, and will b 4 u, X/ |# w4 w; f, W9 J: u
e with us till the end – because people just … don't … care." I completely
+ K! b* \4 S3 J' H8 P- b' rdisagree. 9 K0 r3 d2 ]9 o
5 V% S* m O% x/ w. d) u& r" R在这个问题上,我是乐观的。但是,我也遇到过那些感到绝望的怀疑主义者。他们说:“ 7 A4 ]2 s% {. ^ D5 l% {6 G
不平等从人类诞生的第一天就存在,到人类灭亡的最后一天也将存在。——因为人类对这 , g* a3 ]6 @- u7 @2 N" A7 ]
个问题根本不在乎。”我完全不能同意这种观点。
2 |4 N" ?" X, ]) M% a
' f3 n2 f% V* L' a; q9 [- kI believe we have more caring than we know what to do with. # g, L& T, v) ?( o
, m9 i( J9 _" k a0 S
我相信,问题不是我们不在乎,而是我们不知道怎么做。 1 x! g) {# ^$ C' u! D
! J* I g2 r8 t0 x& v: i; f
All of us here in this Yard, at one time or another, have seen human tragedies
0 `. n6 I3 r! E$ q: qthat broke our hearts, and yet we did nothing – not because we didn't care,
) y3 f4 Y/ A" k+ a. X7 ~, H- Ebut because we didn't know what to do. If we had known how to help, we would h
1 K4 c' n9 M, {& J w7 _/ e$ `ave acted. . a! ~- {$ L; a# w. B/ ?
( P8 L& m' U4 q3 Z( B此刻在这个院子里的所有人,生命中总有这样或那样的时刻,目睹人类的悲剧,感到万分
# Y N: k4 f" Y8 ?8 r伤心。但是我们什么也没做,并非我们无动于衷,而是因为我们不知道做什么和怎么做。 * S3 _ A2 `) ~+ d# v
如果我们知道如何做是有效的,那么我们就会采取行动。
* M" ]( v }4 G5 l* C$ C1 r) u F; o4 Z$ w* U9 t% ^: j5 E- Y" M% `
The barrier to change is not too little caring; it is too much complexity.
+ [+ \& S1 k' m$ @( N3 J' H
4 m1 E: p0 A! C改变世界的阻碍,并非人类的冷漠,而是世界实在太复杂。 4 H6 ^# n% q) r" H3 `) w$ c; y0 ]
; n) ]8 ~& C2 Q$ N
To turn caring into action, we need to see a problem, see a solution, and see
- {0 P3 l! K- i5 a! o7 qthe impact. But complexity blocks all three steps.
+ R0 }; c: S. a7 n7 A
" g- @* c3 Z( Z8 u! [ D为了将关心转变为行动,我们需要找到问题,发现解决办法的方法,评估后果。但是世界
4 a1 {2 o8 S [- T2 n& I的复杂性使得所有这些步骤都难于做到。 ( ^9 \5 A: O: M0 Q6 y% g; a4 B' O2 {
* m9 F2 N5 {+ Y, ?" }
Even with the advent of the Internet and 24-hour news, it is still a complex e ; B/ G: b2 w* u2 u
nterprise to get people to truly see the problems. When an airplane crashes, o $ W: _! D _. H- c
fficials immediately call a press conference. They promise to investigate, det
8 J6 V2 W8 Y2 }$ Q' aermine the cause, and prevent similar crashes in the future. , C6 K$ _. ~; k
8 W5 C, |* r2 ^即使有了互联网和24小时直播的新闻台,让人们真正发现问题所在,仍然十分困难。当一 9 W: O9 l3 U2 W
架飞机坠毁了,官员们会立刻召开新闻发布会,他们承诺进行调查、找到原因、防止将来
; K* B0 K, Z: ]4 V再次发生类似事故。 0 _; ?3 N: l- K- q( i @
) c1 [5 l( f0 K' F4 D, N# Z
But if the officials were brutally honest, they would say: "Of all the people 8 J' l6 [' G/ ]
in the world who died today from preventable causes, one half of one percent o
. T7 }* g0 X+ d9 y- L3 w% Z; P' \) d, kf them were on this plane. We're determined to do everything possible to solve ' T B) B# z0 z% b4 | w
the problem that took the lives of the one half of one percent."
5 g/ t5 B% x2 E
* U3 P3 T3 L! d4 s但是如果那些官员敢说真话,他们就会说:“在今天这一天,全世界所有可以避免的死亡
) x2 d5 V) ~" W- C, f$ x6 q之中,只有0.5%的死者来自于这次空难。我们决心尽一切努力,调查这个0.5%的死亡原因
; ~" b9 y, J/ i, v. c。” : J" `9 i; Z' ?; C& }; Z- n9 d! f( _
& [+ m8 p9 W$ c/ J9 N
The bigger problem is not the plane crash, but the millions of preventable dea
& R% V9 T- ^% j h' p: q, ~ths. % }$ @" U. N: ?' t+ x* D
( `. s% d' Y- P& B
显然,更重要的问题不是这次空难,而是其他几百万可以预防的死亡事件。
& a9 l" Q& ~4 _- ^6 p$ q7 o5 h4 W: F
9 H9 t; P, m8 }+ ^; }( N$ GWe don't read much about these deaths. The media covers what's new – and mill 9 O' Z* f* V+ O( w5 C* G
ions of people dying is nothing new. So it stays in the background, where it's 0 U' x1 Y% V/ c
easier to ignore. But even when we do see it or read about it, it's difficult
7 a9 b7 z' \) d+ C0 ?to keep our eyes on the problem. It's hard to look at suffering if the situat 4 H# W; g. u1 h1 H
ion is so complex that we don't know how to help. And so we look away.
6 g* V* y ?9 _9 |1 z
; l ]! U3 s6 O5 l ~6 F( ~我们并没有很多机会了解那些死亡事件。媒体总是报告新闻,几百万人将要死去并非新闻
+ E: `1 Q/ B+ |# H。如果没有人报道,那么这些事件就很容易被忽视。另一方面,即使我们确实目睹了事件 6 \) w6 o% n1 a) l. ]$ D" W
本身或者看到了相关报道,我们也很难持续关注这些事件。看着他人受苦是令人痛苦的, 5 J6 U5 A$ f F! j- y
何况问题又如此复杂,我们根本不知道如何去帮助他人。所以我们会将脸转过去。
- D5 H2 z2 O: E
+ L- Y* M( U( k3 {9 D) QIf we can really see a problem, which is the first step, we come to the second $ P# ]5 [- s; B7 N& ^
step: cutting through the complexity to find a solution.
( ~ h1 r+ | h/ x! E( L- ]! C2 I& | o
就算我们真正发现了问题所在,也不过是迈出了第一步,接着还有第二步:那就是从复杂
& h z1 _6 ~# k9 D+ H- A W的事件中找到解决办法。 , u% Y6 l* O+ ~ F
* O2 |3 n B9 y6 O6 d
Finding solutions is essential if we want to make the most of our caring. If w
1 I: Q4 v- w' A$ C, _" X. Ze have clear and proven answers anytime an organization or individual asks "Ho
9 {4 ~+ W' \' ]) x* Gw can I help?," then we can get action – and we can make sure that none of th
! U1 L1 `9 G" g% _) y8 ne caring in the world is wasted. But complexity makes it hard to mark a path o , [' G9 p9 D: w/ f4 G4 z! A
f action for everyone who cares — and that makes it hard for their caring to " S5 f( G. f! Y- ~( j3 \
matter. + }% ~% @* v$ K5 ]* P) G7 i3 b: \
( j% l9 g2 c/ q8 R2 G如果我们要让关心落到实处,我们就必须找到解决办法。如果我们有一个清晰的和可靠的 7 c* r6 ?/ t9 X Q
答案,那么当任何组织和个人发出疑问“如何我能提供帮助”的时候,我们就能采取行动
0 T5 o) y$ ` N4 B, H' b' k。我们就能够保证不浪费一丁点全世界人类对他人的关心。但是,世界的复杂性使得很难
0 A i3 ]* C. {找到对全世界每一个有爱心的人都有效的行动方法,因此人类对他人的关心往往很难产生
6 `6 }8 [/ Z0 [6 o实际效果。 * O& D5 U" x/ p6 M g+ y1 s
5 \8 J1 g% ?- l9 p; A, F( |, @Cutting through complexity to find a solution runs through four predictable st
) t/ r2 x! I' l+ T2 `ages: determine a goal, find the highest-leverage approach, discover the ideal
. @& j1 N( E1 H5 M- z: V! m4 Vtechnology for that approach, and in the meantime, make the smartest applicat 4 r3 w1 F J6 Q4 q! i
ion of the technology that you already have — whether it's something sophisti
# ]5 u2 R7 O2 C4 I2 pcated, like a drug, or something simpler, like a bednet. # n1 X6 u3 t: O0 I2 o& |
5 F* w$ n1 f5 m+ X4 m6 E从这个复杂的世界中找到解决办法,可以分为四个步骤:确定目标,找到最高效的方法,
* r7 l5 t8 x4 f7 v# y8 t发现适用于这个方法的新技术,同时最聪明地利用现有的技术,不管它是复杂的药物,还
5 H* @0 D+ \" d$ W是最简单的蚊帐。
& U8 K9 m2 T( K9 u. }1 t1 ~) N; R- i3 Z0 w$ \$ j: t( @. ^3 r
The AIDS epidemic offers an example. The broad goal, of course, is to end the
/ {0 [8 L$ @! [( ~6 [disease. The highest-leverage approach is prevention. The ideal technology wou
0 }+ C! `% O$ Y5 hld be a vaccine that gives lifetime immunity with a single dose. So government - z( l {. C: o# b
s, drug companies, and foundations fund vaccine research. But their work is li , d2 L, C& V2 ^8 u% P
kely to take more than a decade, so in the meantime, we have to work with what
# }+ N+ \+ U! X7 k' ^5 b2 b! ?we have in hand – and the best prevention approach we have now is getting pe
! f$ a& I1 D# c& I9 i& R3 _+ Iople to avoid risky behavior. - |4 F$ m# ]9 z4 X2 q
) N7 E" d* g' k* {* J( l艾滋病就是一个例子。总的目标,毫无疑问是消灭这种疾病。最高效的方法是预防。最理 & K7 L7 d' V4 i6 e7 S
想的技术是发明一种疫苗,只要注射一次,就可以终生免疫。所以,政府、制药公司、基
3 P7 F# g& V3 F) b金会应该资助疫苗研究。但是,这样研究工作很可能十年之内都无法完成。因此,与此同
. E1 F8 S3 l( x时,我们必须使用现有的技术,目前最有效的预防方法就是设法让人们避免那些危险的行
) j- k) e0 {& R1 J8 O为。 5 R n0 f$ a \2 w: U
! n5 j. v7 m$ p/ ~Pursuing that goal starts the four-step cycle again. This is the pattern. The
! K' |+ |. l. n# H- b4 lcrucial thing is to never stop thinking and working – and never do what we di
; D6 w4 E/ p+ L1 @, ]& K( l0 Xd with malaria and tuberculosis in the 20th century – which is to surrender t
* V* X4 u8 Q$ [! @o complexity and quit.
5 ]% r1 i4 [' }* {' x
2 a# o3 o" y, A1 v2 ~要实现这个新的目标,又可以采用新的四步循环。这是一种模式。关键的东西是永远不要 0 u9 E5 F8 }! t0 D Z. \! D7 k
停止思考和行动。我们千万不能再犯上个世纪在疟疾和肺结核上犯过的错误,那时我们因 + A5 K8 C/ K" ~
为它们太复杂,而放弃了采取行动。 ; V6 h, k3 \: s% C1 L
, V1 U; | Z7 q9 ~5 d7 A6 l9 iThe final step – after seeing the problem and finding an approach – is to me . f# g+ T; S4 i. k( ]8 e J" ?. ~
asure the impact of your work and share your successes and failures so that ot / g! y3 ?! u" @
hers learn from your efforts. & _8 S. T$ C% T
/ O$ S* @% S: P/ J在发现问题和找到解决方法之后,就是最后一步——评估工作结果,将你的成功经验或者 - s4 v+ \ y' _2 n8 x$ A+ h) D" M
失败经验传播出去,这样其他人就可以从你的努力中有所收获。
3 d7 U# e2 w( Y, O# f% E
+ {! x" q X5 d1 v @You have to have the statistics, of course. You have to be able to show that a
& s% u1 m1 m- |/ X, @/ Tprogram is vaccinating millions more children. You have to be able to show a
\# I* b% P" ?: d% bdecline in the number of children dying from these diseases. This is essential
' v, l% w: [7 c; [8 Q6 xnot just to improve the program, but also to help draw more investment from b * o9 _4 ]$ H5 G$ C$ o
usiness and government.
5 y- w: a7 ]: }) ~0 o: i) f7 [1 m8 v" E
当然,你必须有一些统计数字。你必须让他人知道,你的项目为几百万儿童新接种了疫苗
7 Y7 N- W6 J4 n" l5 q5 Y! V' ^7 z: I4 t。你也必须让他人知道,儿童死亡人数下降了多少。这些都是很关键的,不仅有利于改善
' r/ E. ~( }' o, R: h D: d( b项目效果,也有利于从商界和政府得到更多的帮助。 % t+ O+ z& K( K1 j& F7 @6 e% s ~
6 M# {+ a6 }1 D8 z* }1 \9 q. g- q
But if you want to inspire people to participate, you have to show more than n
8 x% Y% ~) ]0 Q Mumbers; you have to convey the human impact of the work – so people can feel
" h" y9 x- {; i8 Twhat saving a life means to the families affected. ; @% t( s4 c" [- l- |& a# o
' W- z: O% w$ V( b2 F) W
但是,这些还不够,如果你想激励其他人参加你的项目,你就必须拿出更多的统计数字;
: n( n1 J0 [( C; q你必须展示你的项目的人性因素,这样其他人就会感到拯救一个生命,对那些处在困境中
2 x+ d9 M7 H' c4 }. m- G. @的家庭到底意味着什么。
% N# X' y- Q8 Y: P# h% N& w% l# C. `' F/ ^( t2 w |
I remember going to Davos some years back and sitting on a global health panel
9 W/ ~6 F; W0 c* E+ w8 A ithat was discussing ways to save millions of lives. Millions! Think of the th
9 O# `" ^! [* A$ j& nrill of saving just one person's life – then multiply that by millions. … Ye
5 x. ~5 T3 T4 G% n% Ot this was the most boring panel I've ever been on – ever. So boring even I c ' t% b1 U y. h$ r* B4 s
ouldn't bear it.
- `0 ~" F3 G' _
$ _6 O$ M P f. i# o+ k几年前,我去瑞士达沃斯旁听一个全球健康问题论坛,会议的内容有关于如何拯救几百万
4 j% O+ R0 O2 a6 n条生命。天哪,是几百万!想一想吧,拯救一个人的生命已经让人何等激动,现在你要把 * x' ~% j) P6 c( J# M+ `
这种激动再乘上几百万倍……但是,不幸的是,这是我参加过的最最乏味的论坛,乏味到 1 V" U3 J$ N# K$ E0 s$ @" b N2 Z
我无法强迫自己听下去。
" z! w8 ?5 F* I6 E" ~$ o# L( j1 e
$ X3 D% u" m2 [8 Z8 \' }# ]% zWhat made that experience especially striking was that I had just come from an
- k6 t- [ |; ?/ a; {8 |event where we were introducing version 13 of some piece of software, and we
% s6 z1 h2 k; K( y4 p) ~5 R1 B. phad people jumping and shouting with excitement. I love getting people excited % _( B0 |! D# s: F! d
about software – but why can't we generate even more excitement for saving l 0 g1 i7 Y9 D) l7 Z7 A* p( |
ives?
" a6 X; f4 l* Y @+ C- W9 b* T5 S5 N: l$ F6 s' K
那次经历之所以让我难忘,是因为之前我们刚刚发布了一个软件的第13个版本,我们让观
" h2 |7 T U/ n7 c; S众激动得跳了起来,喊出了声。我喜欢人们因为软件而感到激动,那么我们为什么不能够
/ s; F% {8 S5 a/ @' i6 k让人们因为能够拯救生命而感到更加激动呢? " T1 ^: d) B @
. M8 k7 e% E# d* b" t& J
You can't get people excited unless you can help them see and feel the impact. 0 J3 ] w' x$ K+ c& W
And how you do that – is a complex question.
# I+ z" }. }3 Q' v6 C" ~& |; y; k' U( y
除非你能够让人们看到或者感受到行动的影响力,否则你无法让人们激动。如何做到这一
" M' L. {( \5 U$ u点,并不是一件简单的事。 4 T5 g7 h t2 M* a% T" X
& A6 V9 I$ L% Y5 N8 b- z3 D. C
Still, I'm optimistic. Yes, inequity has been with us forever, but the new too
* g% O0 |3 S' H" Nls we have to cut through complexity have not been with us forever. They are n
' E8 O8 r& T* O: U; W4 D4 s8 u, Xew – they can help us make the most of our caring – and that's why the futur
5 J7 |- p3 n/ d- V, g5 |9 Ne can be different from the past.
* [8 b% V7 o/ \+ c8 [5 C$ G, |6 v4 f; g# m* b
同前面一样,在这个问题上,我依然是乐观的。不错,人类的不平等有史以来一直存在, " I6 }* a o. n+ v" S
但是那些能够化繁为简的新工具,却是最近才出现的。这些新工具可以帮助我们,将人类 2 \, K8 [$ F1 M
的同情心发挥最大的作用,这就是为什么将来同过去是不一样的。
/ ?- ], e# l8 |. k* I4 V- w! I/ }! G5 z6 d' `6 d% A
The defining and ongoing innovations of this age – biotechnology, the compute ) d4 D- I5 s: e3 m6 i
r, the Internet – give us a chance we've never had before to end extreme pove
, T! V$ N1 i' V7 l. ]rty and end death from preventable disease. 8 I) v# B: l& `* }
2 @& C/ O; M1 L5 ~7 X" N
这个时代无时无刻不在涌现出新的革新——生物技术,计算机,互联网——它们给了我们
7 T b+ p+ V# L一个从未有过的机会,去终结那些极端的贫穷和非恶性疾病的死亡。 4 `: ?% E9 N3 I' k# e& x: y6 z5 l& V1 F
( A0 I/ O4 o6 ^/ g
Sixty years ago, George Marshall came to this commencement and announced a pla # ?4 R: p4 E# }- [( `, p
n to assist the nations of post-war Europe. He said: "I think one difficulty i
3 H) I6 }" v) Ys that the problem is one of such enormous complexity that the very mass of fa ! W6 c5 b q% B6 h
cts presented to the public by press and radio make it exceedingly difficult f
, I: h" t( u, s5 y7 g {) cor the man in the street to reach a clear appraisement of the situation. It is
/ S0 o& w* j3 a4 X* B3 z& Rvirtually impossible at this distance to grasp at all the real significance o ) i( N: ~) b) e+ a# q% y: G y; N8 E
f the situation." / p9 `; j9 N: Q" S! ?6 [
! s. I, Q: Q/ i/ P
六十年前,乔治·马歇尔也是在这个地方的毕业典礼上,宣布了一个计划,帮助那些欧洲 ' y2 {8 ^+ W0 d8 ^8 c
国家的战后建设。他说:“我认为,困难的一点是这个问题太复杂,报纸和电台向公众源
5 ~ E5 n3 {. v$ B& n源不断地提供各种事实,使得大街上的普通人极端难于清晰地判断形势。事实上,经过层
: f$ y6 r9 {1 j6 v" O! H" g2 c8 B层传播,想要真正地把握形势,是根本不可能的。” $ a* s \# T; `+ S
7 c- p F: `6 ]- F. P. V, p! U
Thirty years after Marshall made his address, as my class graduated without me * o0 @) E+ |- u# O% l) K
, technology was emerging that would make the world smaller, more open, more v
+ E3 |8 b- o5 p" Risible, less distant.
0 V; a- K5 a: H k3 _* \4 d. x5 s% Y
: p( t! h) M% g4 v3 w! u马歇尔发表这个演讲之后的三十年,我那一届学生毕业,当然我不在其中。那时,新技术
" j2 Q, h. Z3 u刚刚开始萌芽,它们将使得这个世界变得更小、更开放、更容易看到、距离更近。 8 z; U |! v% C7 J3 ~# O3 T7 ?7 U. _
3 p2 {6 K, }; d- l) l1 D
The emergence of low-cost personal computers gave rise to a powerful network t
' E1 m1 x; ~: g p, q3 ~hat has transformed opportunities for learning and communicating. 0 n& }% [' h5 y" l# c& h) u& @& ^: S
- T$ f D. o9 Z% I W) _低成本的个人电脑的出现,使得一个强大的互联网有机会诞生,它为学习和交流提供了巨 4 }! p( R) g1 J; _( R) [
大的机会。 & w R' J! {9 ~* k t& ^9 {2 d- c
4 ~: t' ]" `4 C" r X5 rThe magical thing about this network is not just that it collapses distance an ; A# E& t9 [( {6 ^; A! l4 V ^
d makes everyone your neighbor. It also dramatically increases the number of b
& I/ g$ V5 J& h( }$ xrilliant minds we can have working together on the same problem – and that sc
+ z/ R4 W% B- v K z; i8 a1 Qales up the rate of innovation to a staggering degree.
4 x7 E8 X) V/ ^9 u& E% @* M' J1 w, }( e( f6 e
网络的神奇之处,不仅仅是它缩短了物理距离,使得天涯若比邻。它还极大地增加了怀有
0 j* L! N5 X* ~: g! L8 g共同想法的人们聚集在一起的机会,我们可以为了解决同一个问题,一起共同工作。这就
7 x' P: m7 x6 E) j" G7 o' F, d大大加快了革新的进程,发展速度简直快得让人震惊。
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# t" [; l+ J$ E9 B7 ^6 zAt the same time, for every person in the world who has access to this technol
8 w. F8 U4 T/ N0 n" }ogy, five people don't. That means many creative minds are left out of this di # d! a/ @" \$ P! D8 T" d
scussion -- smart people with practical intelligence and relevant experience w
5 J8 m0 H: j# O/ A# }9 yho don't have the technology to hone their talents or contribute their ideas t 3 U8 [) x' U- X: a
o the world. % k2 Y0 P! {/ B R) n
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与此同时,世界上有条件上网的人,只是全部人口的六分之一。这意味着,还有许多具有 ( T3 Y# T6 |$ C( N- g
创造性的人们,没有加入到我们的讨论中来。那些有着实际的操作经验和相关经历的聪明
( {. C2 @8 C7 O% G$ x人,却没有技术来帮助他们,将他们的天赋或者想法与全世界分享。 " ]$ J- W- N$ g* ?
9 e! w' [. B* u+ _" m" ^We need as many people as possible to have access to this technology, because
: Q/ f# q# L `these advances are triggering a revolution in what human beings can do for one
- ^0 t- S' ~, ?! T+ manother. They are making it possible not just for national governments, but f
, x3 E+ ?% t) S" b6 v2 d/ R9 bor universities, corporations, smaller organizations, and even individuals to
+ S) |# R8 l' Rsee problems, see approaches, and measure the impact of their efforts to addre
/ I) ^# H1 S3 L3 B: F4 X2 z P. X. Css the hunger, poverty, and desperation George Marshall spoke of 60 years ago.
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8 D% x4 I; F1 r& c我们需要尽可能地让更多的人有机会使用新技术,因为这些新技术正在引发一场革命,人 : U9 a1 K1 v# Q0 N/ ?# T/ ~
类将因此可以互相帮助。新技术正在创造一种可能,不仅是政府,还包括大学、公司、小 ) {* _# u( b! y4 \
机构、甚至个人,能够发现问题所在、能够找到解决办法、能够评估他们努力的效果,去 + ^# b6 u5 a6 q Q) I4 R
改变那些马歇尔六十年前就说到过的问题——饥饿、贫穷和绝望。
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- \+ k) a+ O. g! [Members of the Harvard Family: Here in the Yard is one of the great collection # t1 N! K: B& V3 B0 |. T
s of intellectual talent in the world. ' c, Y1 ~ @# m
3 g/ X' Z- o: b' A/ ]& B" I哈佛是一个大家庭。这个院子里在场的人们,是全世界最有智力的人类群体之一。 @8 y# V1 g' {
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What for? * b# f# E6 |% Y3 L
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我们可以做些什么? 3 ^% ^- M& v$ `8 j
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There is no question that the faculty, the alumni, the students, and the benef : |% w. w) w! v/ T. \! m
actors of Harvard have used their power to improve the lives of people here an
7 y; z& I( n6 n" z% H7 Z7 n& h$ j" Vd around the world. But can we do more? Can Harvard dedicate its intellect to
! U+ f# k1 d) C$ r5 J* Limproving the lives of people who will never even hear its name? * n6 T0 p/ e+ t
$ k: S" _9 F" n- Q6 e0 r4 n" I毫无疑问,哈佛的老师、校友、学生和资助者,已经用他们的能力改善了全世界各地人们
( U6 V3 Q' a/ d' \$ E0 y" b的生活。但是,我们还能够再做什么呢?有没有可能,哈佛的人们可以将他们的智慧,用
% y# ]' F, r" Y7 Z w来帮助那些甚至从来没有听到过“哈佛”这个名字的人?
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( i2 u2 n' J7 G$ X: iLet me make a request of the deans and the professors – the intellectual lead
5 m* E* A, q, w W" ?! r( jers here at Harvard: As you hire new faculty, award tenure, review curriculum,
+ ]/ K3 U% M( b2 ]and determine degree requirements, please ask yourselves:
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; U- V4 X# B; e" T/ C) T2 I8 @请允许我向各位院长和教授,提出一个请求——你们是哈佛的智力领袖,当你们雇用新的 ( M& _, L: `# U, f# B; M6 {# h
老师、授予终身教职、评估课程、决定学位颁发标准的时候,请问你们自己如下的问题:
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Should our best minds be dedicated to solving our biggest problems?
G, O: J: ]$ k7 U; A+ H2 L( ?1 U. D, ]& S& }! p- o; f u
我们最优秀的人才是否在致力于解决我们最大的问题?
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5 f& C; ]" L" g FShould Harvard encourage its faculty to take on the world's worst inequities?
I* [ ]( r: _/ |' e% ]! I. HShould Harvard students learn about the depth of global poverty … the prevale
1 m! z! H- l7 E1 G' l) `" D" {5 Nnce of world hunger … the scarcity of clean water …the girls kept out of sch $ ]8 ~; @: y( ^7 y2 c+ Y/ R
ool … the children who die from diseases we can cure? ; c- ], d9 G5 M9 S4 e6 N7 ~
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哈佛是否鼓励她的老师去研究解决世界上最严重的不平等?哈佛的学生是否从全球那些极 ) O( Z; @1 F; _, u8 O* Y/ o
端的贫穷中学到了什么……世界性的饥荒……清洁的水资源的缺乏……无法上学的女童…
9 X# i! s6 G) `3 ` _ u…死于非恶性疾病的儿童……哈佛的学生有没有从中学到东西? " h& c3 q6 f0 t/ e$ _) \1 r6 x% f
, N( r# q- J4 h( ~; v/ y) YShould the world's most privileged people learn about the lives of the world's $ [4 i* C* g- G, {* q! _( [4 W
least privileged? - g' c/ E, w1 ]0 P. X, Z
& z: Z5 W4 V0 e. A% E' X& E
那些世界上过着最优越生活的人们,有没有从那些最困难的人们身上学到东西?
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These are not rhetorical questions – you will answer with your policies.
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) Z* X7 `) r6 S$ s7 Q0 |这些问题并非语言上的修辞。你必须用自己的行动来回答它们。
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My mother, who was filled with pride the day I was admitted here – never stop & I4 C% z4 F( H* x: {" {: N# N; A& y
ped pressing me to do more for others. A few days before my wedding, she hoste 0 k) B( ?$ ^* g2 j
d a bridal event, at which she read aloud a letter about marriage that she had 8 o! K8 @' z+ t! W9 g
written to Melinda. My mother was very ill with cancer at the time, but she s " u q& Q/ `% @( i! _) U! |
aw one more opportunity to deliver her message, and at the close of the letter
7 G, n( i; ~, N; Lshe said: "From those to whom much is given, much is expected."
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0 r/ M( t) V" _# b6 `我的母亲在我被哈佛大学录取的那一天,曾经感到非常骄傲。她从没有停止督促我,去为
0 p F- e& _7 \+ _5 W% ~他人做更多的事情。在我结婚的前几天,她主持了一个新娘进我家的仪式。在这个仪式上
% S* U& u$ l% Q; ~' ?! S,她高声朗读了一封关于婚姻的信,这是她写给Melinda的。那时,我的母亲已经因为癌症 * K6 t6 l, _3 O* X
病入膏肓,但是她还是认为这是又一个传播她的信念的机会。在那封信的结尾,她写道: # s- j6 p7 a, m2 w
“对于那些接受了许多帮助的人们,他们还在期待更多的帮助。你的能力越大,人们对你 2 M7 h. Z. V" T8 G$ S
的期望也就越大。”
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When you consider what those of us here in this Yard have been given – in tal % P2 h! C; ?) C9 v1 I j
ent, privilege, and opportunity – there is almost no limit to what the world
, M, ~. y& [- T7 U khas a right to expect from us.
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想一想吧,我们在这个院子里的这些人,被给予过什么——天赋、特权、机遇——那么可
+ P7 Q+ v `! ~) V v以这样说,全世界的人们几乎有无限的权力,期待我们做出贡献。 ! Z. c$ ~/ |0 I
' K K% Y) N. W" E4 A: wIn line with the promise of this age, I want to exhort each of the graduates h
. L4 S( e0 Y ]" Y( b1 q- |# lere to take on an issue – a complex problem, a deep inequity, and become a sp
6 F6 W( u# J% k) q! Y2 I8 oecialist on it. If you make it the focus of your career, that would be phenome
$ {3 ?+ s$ L0 S; h% Q' j( a9 Rnal. But you don't have to do that to make an impact. For a few hours every we
' a$ ?. U7 _+ c( L0 |# c8 lek, you can use the growing power of the Internet to get informed, find others
/ K% Q5 v. E$ V6 S8 L5 dwith the same interests, see the barriers, and find ways to cut through them.
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同这个时代的期望一样,我也要向今天各位毕业的同学提出一个忠告:你们要选择一个问
! I* T1 h, O/ Q5 J5 x0 u; Y题,一个复杂的问题,一个有关于人类深刻的不平等的问题,然后你们要变成这个问题的
5 y' t/ |6 {. o4 x) Y [0 {, l* a% q专家。如果你们能够使得这个问题成为你们职业的核心,那么你们就会非常杰出。但是, 5 b: u% m+ ?+ }+ {1 {' ~5 T# b
你们不必一定要去做那些大事。每个星期只用几个小时,你就可以通过互联网得到信息, & I! G7 Z" d2 p+ j6 V7 T
找到志同道合的朋友,发现困难所在,找到解决它们的途径。
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Don't let complexity stop you. Be activists. Take on the big inequities. It wi
# L; b4 P# _$ l: b$ X X4 _ll be one of the great experiences of your lives. 2 Q" r E6 r- k# a) b ] l
- U5 o$ A0 ?( n7 r3 z不要让这个世界的复杂性阻碍你前进。要成为一个行动主义者。将解决人类的不平等视为 K+ K7 o" l; B5 W9 h; V# H
己任。它将成为你生命中最重要的经历之一。
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: c( y% P( ^ m6 i) B2 _* ?You graduates are coming of age in an amazing time. As you leave Harvard, you 6 ?; C$ X$ `8 W1 j
have technology that members of my class never had. You have awareness of glob * b. H5 ^# Q: Q
al inequity, which we did not have. And with that awareness, you likely also h % _/ j' W! M! F
ave an informed conscience that will torment you if you abandon these people w * ]. Y+ [5 w4 J6 A: d
hose lives you could change with very little effort. You have more than we had
" s) ^1 c3 N6 L! ? c; you must start sooner, and carry on longer.
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% i! Y4 p7 X, @4 e' S在座的各位毕业的同学,你们所处的时代是一个神奇的时代。当你们离开哈佛的时候,你
: U) _) ]# e+ I9 N6 o! Q们拥有的技术,是我们那一届学生所没有的。你们已经了解到了世界上的不平等,我们那 / A5 i6 d5 M O& `
时还不知道这些。有了这样的了解之后,要是你再弃那些你可以帮助的人们于不顾,就将 , M4 E* q c& ~" A' G/ T" d; J
受到良心的谴责,只需一点小小的努力,你就可以改变那些人们的生活。你们比我们拥有 4 y* ?, l4 E' P/ f" a
更大的能力;你们必须尽早开始,尽可能长时期坚持下去。 2 q; w: D- S3 q- f0 ]
4 Y8 K( o9 {5 lKnowing what you know, how could you not? $ A8 x5 R* [0 C
: y% `9 N$ a9 J. |" g2 o" ^
知道了你们所知道的一切,你们怎么可能不采取行动呢?
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1 T; D y1 Y$ g0 [+ M. ~And I hope you will come back here to Harvard 30 years from now and reflect on ( E8 s3 l! X2 ?; p) ?1 ^; Q" @
what you have done with your talent and your energy. I hope you will judge yo 2 u4 t4 n: G* ^6 t& ~% R5 |& W! I) n
urselves not on your professional accomplishments alone, but also on how well 7 x, x5 Q" J3 A3 F! |- B4 R
you have addressed the world's deepest inequities … on how well you treated p - G2 O7 w% f' V5 h8 @
eople a world away who have nothing in common with you but their humanity.
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我希望,30年后你们还会再回到哈佛,想起你们用自己的天赋和能力所做出的一切。我希
9 A! b. v' _9 ?5 }2 g8 P: p7 ?望,在那个时候,你们用来评价自己的标准,不仅仅是你们的专业成就,而包括你们为改 ! s3 r+ Q; V$ f( a& D& |; q
变这个世界深刻的不平等所做出的努力,以及你们如何善待那些远隔千山万水、与你们毫
- E) ` e% }# s* n不涉及的人们,你们与他们唯一的共同点就是同为人类。 |
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