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2008-11-02 01:02:11 来自: lightpie(上次登录还是1.5年前.....) / Y) j1 h5 @. T ]
比尔·盖茨在哈佛大学毕业典礼上的演讲 : X G( a) u; _! t+ m
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2007年6月7日 1 ?# w( h7 m$ T8 q' I
' H, I$ |9 y* q0 K阮一峰 译 - e7 _ b8 A# k3 E2 a" S! f$ o6 Z
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President Bok, former President Rudenstine, incoming President Faust, members 5 M+ |0 o+ z/ H4 q$ f3 J3 A2 S
of the Harvard Corporation and the Board of Overseers, members of the faculty, $ M2 a- [) l2 @( T* Z
parents, and especially, the graduates:
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尊敬的Bok校长,Rudenstine前校长,即将上任的Faust校长,哈佛集团的各位成员,监管
5 v: [4 \9 C8 Z0 |2 ~' ~. `6 @理事会的各位理事,各位老师,各位家长,各位同学:
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$ E: z* Y4 g2 A: [3 @4 uI've been waiting more than 30 years to say this: "Dad, I always told you I'd ; l) z# ~( T, u, t8 F. a
come back and get my degree." 1 G) M( C3 C' u! U
6 d7 w' u3 }$ Z u, K有一句话我等了三十年,现在终于可以说了:“老爸,我总是跟你说,我会回来拿到我的
+ Y7 h3 _( B- n% s% ]- N0 e学位的!” 0 `! u. ~2 X l7 n! G
' v; ]- C, O& x$ uI want to thank Harvard for this timely honor. I'll be changing my job next ye
# A9 z' d. F0 qar … and it will be nice to finally have a college degree on my resume. 5 H! W6 Z% {; K; f' j- n6 I
/ _) ~1 E0 j- K1 R我要感谢哈佛大学在这个时候给我这个荣誉。明年,我就要换工作了(注:指从微软公司
, V* P6 @/ @' q! w& ^退休)……我终于可以在简历上写我有一个本科学位,这真是不错啊。 % X* y) ?/ A; M
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I applaud the graduates today for taking a much more direct route to your degr . |6 _$ \7 X' n& e
ees. For my part, I'm just happy that the Crimson has called me "Harvard's mos ( w% N7 X, ]! E. Y$ M6 L
t successful dropout." I guess that makes me valedictorian of my own special c
& n; ^- a7 A3 K* R! n8 P" J* x2 Blass … I did the best of everyone who failed.
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我为今天在座的各位同学感到高兴,你们拿到学位可比我简单多了。哈佛的校报称我是“
: A+ f% W4 L" X哈佛大学历史上最成功的辍学生”。我想这大概使我有资格代表我这一类学生发言……在
+ ?7 d; n, C1 b/ y. c4 n# r所有的失败者里,我做得最好。
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( W$ w5 D) i- \9 c) pBut I also want to be recognized as the guy who got Steve Ballmer to drop out
& c9 ~# N$ k. }9 {# p9 N2 L3 _: Tof business school. I'm a bad influence. That's why I was invited to speak at
/ ]0 Y" `- m5 X* k0 T2 syour graduation. If I had spoken at your orientation, fewer of you might be he
/ s% _ N# q& l% xre today. 5 O' p$ s' G5 X$ f% V$ m
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但是,我还要提醒大家,我使得Steve Ballmer(注:微软总经理)也从哈佛商学院退学了 ) P2 {( x K" A8 Y
。因此,我是个有着恶劣影响力的人。这就是为什么我被邀请来在你们的毕业典礼上演讲
& e7 l6 t ?+ l: J! V$ ?。如果我在你们入学欢迎仪式上演讲,那么能够坚持到今天在这里毕业的人也许会少得多 3 e% l: F% y7 W# j
吧。
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$ ^$ ^$ u/ W2 JHarvard was just a phenomenal experience for me. Academic life was fascinating
9 r4 |* E; s1 M: {2 O. h o& i. I used to sit in on lots of classes I hadn't even signed up for. And dorm li 2 ^1 o8 k: m3 \3 y* Q3 q+ v
fe was terrific. I lived up at Radcliffe, in Currier House. There were always 5 R/ F* v- [) }" [( w! P5 X
lots of people in my dorm room late at night discussing things, because everyo
) H$ R$ }& u" j- ^+ Wne knew I didn't worry about getting up in the morning. That's how I came to b
_, n0 s9 Y }6 Be the leader of the anti-social group. We clung to each other as a way of vali ; w$ `/ d2 f) k) ]
dating our rejection of all those social people. , e$ h4 j4 L6 g7 _; m! m, v
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对我来说,哈佛的求学经历是一段非凡的经历。校园生活很有趣,我常去旁听我没选修的
) M* Z4 B r9 b, P: d课。哈佛的课外生活也很棒,我在Radcliffe过着逍遥自在的日子。每天我的寝室里总有很
+ ~' O. b& |$ _+ w; e多人一直待到半夜,讨论着各种事情。因为每个人都知道我从不考虑第二天早起。这使得
: F/ f+ n9 m8 G我变成了校园里那些不安分学生的头头,我们互相粘在一起,做出一种拒绝所有正常学生 4 } G, `3 }& f5 c n
的姿态。 8 K' p+ q( y5 J2 `6 W
1 P( N' a3 b6 {5 U9 ?: E M0 r- IRadcliffe was a great place to live. There were more women up there, and most
_" P7 {5 L8 x. I b% c/ Wof the guys were science-math types. That combination offered me the best odds # ?$ }# J1 U: B. ], `
, if you know what I mean. This is where I learned the sad lesson that improvi ( a8 H& U$ y3 I7 `9 f
ng your odds doesn't guarantee success.
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Radcliffe是个过日子的好地方。那里的女生比男生多,而且大多数男生都是理工科的。这 ; R6 Q- U1 i1 c$ l4 q* j
种状况为我创造了最好的机会,如果你们明白我的意思。可惜的是,我正是在这里学到了 " a6 U6 F s3 Q l/ {
人生中悲伤的一课:机会大,并不等于你就会成功。 9 E/ ^ Y7 `2 }" q
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One of my biggest memories of Harvard came in January 1975, when I made a call
0 J6 t8 _! `: _0 M( lfrom Currier House to a company in Albuquerque that had begun making the worl 2 h! o- s0 S5 ]. m% Q/ M
d's first personal computers. I offered to sell them software.
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我在哈佛最难忘的回忆之一,发生在1975年1月。那时,我从宿舍楼里给位于Albuquerque
- t7 C% }6 n3 J' H7 h4 f( t9 L的一家公司打了一个电话,那家公司已经在着手制造世界上第一台个人电脑。我提出想向
4 \* D# u2 y' _他们出售软件。 " H& o1 f+ E' l; n" [
- {; i3 i8 `& X( G" k6 |. MI worried that they would realize I was just a student in a dorm and hang up o 1 v B9 U, W2 ]3 K7 s6 y; N
n me. Instead they said: "We're not quite ready, come see us in a month," whic : u+ |+ u. T! Y
h was a good thing, because we hadn't written the software yet. From that mome % X2 X& d0 ?( b+ u" \3 v* H+ ]2 s2 Z, L
nt, I worked day and night on this little extra credit project that marked the
. b* ^/ t. \, @end of my college education and the beginning of a remarkable journey with Mi ; k" M% w' B R0 y
crosoft. & k! ?, O5 w: @8 U b5 Q; V
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我很担心,他们会发觉我是一个住在宿舍的学生,从而挂断电话。但是他们却说:“我们 j8 @/ \) {3 I, d0 t
还没准备好,一个月后你再来找我们吧。”这是个好消息,因为那时软件还根本没有写出
, ~" W) M5 K3 @ e! m/ C来呢。就是从那个时候起,我日以继夜地在这个小小的课外项目上工作,这导致了我学生 ' }% j j% n" \3 w# W
生活的结束,以及通往微软公司的不平凡的旅程的开始。 3 {# r5 }) W. ^' N# {, Z! J
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What I remember above all about Harvard was being in the midst of so much ener $ e% t4 T9 l1 J/ @$ O
gy and intelligence. It could be exhilarating, intimidating, sometimes even di
) |# A) T. {, ^" yscouraging, but always challenging. It was an amazing privilege – and though
$ U( F ]3 P6 j" k( u, Y! b sI left early, I was transformed by my years at Harvard, the friendships I made
; J5 W& X3 L8 Q, and the ideas I worked on. 6 T4 C2 r i. M7 [3 u
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不管怎样,我对哈佛的回忆主要都与充沛的精力和智力活动有关。哈佛的生活令人愉快,
" @# R2 d1 ?" y3 A' \! _也令人感到有压力,有时甚至会感到泄气,但永远充满了挑战性。生活在哈佛是一种吸引 ( `7 f: x* ^! J, w
人的特殊待遇……虽然我离开得比较早,但是我在这里的经历、在这里结识的朋友、在这
4 @. y w9 j! l0 [! j里发展起来的一些想法,永远地改变了我。
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& @- w2 F4 \! \/ hBut taking a serious look back … I do have one big regret.
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9 Y3 U9 S% h; x, A1 M但是,如果现在严肃地回忆起来,我确实有一个真正的遗憾。
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6 Q3 l2 S7 y+ ]/ a( r W! HI left Harvard with no real awareness of the awful inequities in the world – 9 C' c: L' K/ b, W
the appalling disparities of health, and wealth, and opportunity that condemn
% P D6 i0 l* q, D( p' pmillions of people to lives of despair.
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! h" T3 }; \( D2 o, W; C我离开哈佛的时候,根本没有意识到这个世界是多么的不平等。人类在健康、财富和机遇
+ c+ h& X D" j! E1 e8 W" j! j上的不平等大得可怕,它们使得无数的人们被迫生活在绝望之中。
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I learned a lot here at Harvard about new ideas in economics and politics. I g 0 H% B( u, O1 c; D7 a) [7 r( Y6 z* A
ot great exposure to the advances being made in the sciences.
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* @7 ~" }6 i+ x! d! ]$ ?5 F! y我在哈佛学到了很多经济学和政治学的新思想。我也了解了很多科学上的新进展。 7 z. W' c. x7 w' _2 r2 b
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But humanity's greatest advances are not in its discoveries – but in how thos
8 m- \, H+ p- B7 ?! We discoveries are applied to reduce inequity. Whether through democracy, stron
3 ]1 O1 u1 t8 p$ U( [g public education, quality health care, or broad economic opportunity – redu
" v1 m! y, x {/ ?4 Wcing inequity is the highest human achievement. 3 K; ]; k, O+ V7 \. j! D! l
- h3 H8 j5 J* e R& d但是,人类最大的进步并不来自于这些发现,而是来自于那些有助于减少人类不平等的发
^/ S: a0 u" k! b3 V现。不管通过何种手段——民主制度、健全的公共教育体系、高质量的医疗保健、还是广
1 z( M+ u! g& @1 r& N5 Y8 }泛的经济机会——减少不平等始终是人类最大的成就。 / f/ N" z9 I2 G$ J" j B* {
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I left campus knowing little about the millions of young people cheated out of . L. q% E$ k: v
educational opportunities here in this country. And I knew nothing about the
, m. ~' c5 |/ L5 s4 ?4 T& amillions of people living in unspeakable poverty and disease in developing cou ; J0 j7 `& N; T9 e
ntries.
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我离开校园的时候,根本不知道在这个国家里,有几百万的年轻人无法获得接受教育的机 * W T# N- y' ]# O% z2 B' B
会。我也不知道,发展中国家里有无数的人们生活在无法形容的贫穷和疾病之中。 ) P: l/ [; `8 D; ~
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It took me decades to find out. 2 N) c' B2 f; V6 {7 ~
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我花了几十年才明白了这些事情。 * X3 j4 n8 m6 b* [
! ]1 j9 f1 D E3 {3 W# aYou graduates came to Harvard at a different time. You know more about the wor
, V: I+ w2 E% H6 d& c" r7 f0 ild's inequities than the classes that came before. In your years here, I hope , r J( j/ O; @/ B3 k4 d4 G
you've had a chance to think about how – in this age of accelerating technolo 0 Z% x3 H+ e3 ?. d1 \4 k- k
gy – we can finally take on these inequities, and we can solve them. # F: Z/ v0 q: J, d, P% c9 Z6 E
- r1 I0 O2 V' d6 `7 y! f: @在座的各位同学,你们是在与我不同的时代来到哈佛的。你们比以前的学生,更多地了解
( M( h- I3 V2 e4 d+ I世界是怎样的不平等。在你们的哈佛求学过程中,我希望你们已经思考过一个问题,那就 4 y9 f6 l* b' [8 u6 l% m& ?* Z/ y
是在这个新技术加速发展的时代,我们怎样最终应对这种不平等,以及我们怎样来解决这 . n3 T6 F: l$ g* ]
个问题。
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& | e. L8 O9 F0 \: K8 jImagine, just for the sake of discussion, that you had a few hours a week and
$ J: h& V" y6 }) x3 A: ga few dollars a month to donate to a cause – and you wanted to spend that tim
$ ]3 e6 Z. G5 r. _; R3 He and money where it would have the greatest impact in saving and improving li ! e, K" U) J2 d# @! Q
ves. Where would you spend it?
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# F! c# v7 K7 w9 a B为了讨论的方便,请想象一下,假如你每个星期可以捐献一些时间、每个月可以捐献一些 0 e1 p4 K0 V! b
钱——你希望这些时间和金钱,可以用到对拯救生命和改善人类生活有最大作用的地方。 3 J. i0 j0 c% b5 m
你会选择什么地方? ! e% T' S* o2 s5 I$ L! D" O
* r- b% k! p- F$ E8 F/ NFor Melinda and for me, the challenge is the same: how can we do the most good % T6 l$ \6 x" _2 S0 [
for the greatest number with the resources we have.
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& F' e f+ t' s& \对Melinda(注:盖茨的妻子)和我来说,这也是我们面临的问题:我们如何能将我们拥有
% z# f! B4 H! t# ~的资源发挥出最大的作用。
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During our discussions on this question, Melinda and I read an article about t 6 j, J* M( u& S3 b
he millions of children who were dying every year in poor countries from disea . {! i9 S* p/ H5 l& i5 u0 S0 D
ses that we had long ago made harmless in this country. Measles, malaria, pneu
: C8 n6 r' |3 }monia, hepatitis B, yellow fever. One disease I had never even heard of, rotav " i& T2 |) r* n! s" \: R
irus, was killing half a million kids each year – none of them in the United
8 \* M$ w' x0 S* Z) hStates.
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" C+ J9 q8 v7 v4 h: O* a在讨论过程中,Melinda和我读到了一篇文章,里面说在那些贫穷的国家,每年有数百万的 ; L& ^+ |) \+ x: a) ~
儿童死于那些在美国早已不成问题的疾病。麻疹、疟疾、肺炎、乙型肝炎、黄热病、还有 + q# R9 Y/ ^; U( }+ \. ^
一种以前我从未听说过的轮状病毒,这些疾病每年导致50万儿童死亡,但是在美国一例死
1 ^$ T, Q4 X: {% j亡病例也没有。
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We were shocked. We had just assumed that if millions of children were dying a , R8 n, H# e6 _# f
nd they could be saved, the world would make it a priority to discover and del 1 G c- C+ q$ N) F) o
iver the medicines to save them. But it did not. For under a dollar, there wer
* p ^9 _/ x. a3 Ze interventions that could save lives that just weren't being delivered. , ~! @ R+ i3 a) o5 e( z/ L
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我们被震惊了。我们想,如果几百万儿童正在死亡线上挣扎,而且他们是可以被挽救的,
3 \/ m+ f* z7 R4 b/ R0 O. _那么世界理应将用药物拯救他们作为头等大事。但是事实并非如此。那些价格还不到一美
0 j* ^; O2 d; k# r$ U+ U" G& w元的救命的药剂,并没有送到他们的手中。 ' O( f6 Q/ p' B3 C+ O7 ~# t
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If you believe that every life has equal value, it's revolting to learn that s
- i# u& l7 D6 k* @ome lives are seen as worth saving and others are not. We said to ourselves: "
' Z* B% A* G; K; F/ RThis can't be true. But if it is true, it deserves to be the priority of our g . B0 ^- g! g7 G7 D" u* j6 G
iving." i( G6 Q7 K0 ?4 o x7 u0 [8 ]
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如果你相信每个生命都是平等的,那么当你发现某些生命被挽救了,而另一些生命被放弃
2 \) s6 M R3 ]% I了,你会感到无法接受。我们对自己说:“事情不可能如此。如果这是真的,那么它理应 7 @; o4 S6 z' t' k; I
是我们努力的头等大事。”
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So we began our work in the same way anyone here would begin it. We asked: "Ho , N! j( x+ E- l$ q
w could the world let these children die?" : J$ x; b: V# P" P: q
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所以,我们用任何人都会想到的方式开始工作。我们问:“这个世界怎么可以眼睁睁看着
- K- n7 r& k$ r+ e q, t* T这些孩子死去?” ! s) y0 j" M8 N: k5 B
, O% ^% z' H5 [5 nThe answer is simple, and harsh. The market did not reward saving the lives of
0 j6 y b7 H# g+ c! uthese children, and governments did not subsidize it. So the children died be
: T. o7 U( O0 {" y% h9 @' z1 v7 Rcause their mothers and their fathers had no power in the market and no voice
8 C$ ?" u- [+ ]+ win the system. ( ~, b0 i/ I( d' K0 V/ o
R: P/ Y% b# j9 V; N: X: B; r6 {答案很简单,也很令人难堪。在市场经济中,拯救儿童是一项没有利润的工作,政府也不 & g; a5 L9 `6 V' k$ \! s
会提供补助。这些儿童之所以会死亡,是因为他们的父母在经济上没有实力,在政治上没
0 I3 V: c9 R3 O; e1 J M有能力发出声音。
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But you and I have both.
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! v$ `8 G2 U3 W# `/ }+ q, f, `但是,你们和我在经济上有实力,在政治上能够发出声音。
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- v) |$ v6 d2 _% q/ Y% c; iWe can make market forces work better for the poor if we can develop a more cr
K/ x4 g }- M/ e$ P, }; J7 x8 Deative capitalism – if we can stretch the reach of market forces so that more
4 M, @7 {9 @" n# [! y4 o) opeople can make a profit, or at least make a living, serving people who are s . d! O+ N V/ I) l' z, d
uffering from the worst inequities. We also can press governments around the w ; Z- R) {, n8 u0 @7 c* a t; n
orld to spend taxpayer money in ways that better reflect the values of the peo $ f8 D9 ^% `+ x4 e, o+ v
ple who pay the taxes.
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我们可以让市场更好地为穷人服务,如果我们能够设计出一种更有创新性的资本主义制度 8 Z* }/ c, S- O7 y' b6 w
——如果我们可以改变市场,让更多的人可以获得利润,或者至少可以维持生活——那么
) ^2 j" P2 W5 `) W/ ]6 f! l, r, },这就可以帮到那些正在极端不平等的状况中受苦的人们。我们还可以向全世界的政府施
1 b4 \: M @+ v" D" l: S压,要求他们将纳税人的钱,花到更符合纳税人价值观的地方。 0 y0 |! O1 k0 m5 T" v
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If we can find approaches that meet the needs of the poor in ways that generat + i2 Q3 d& \/ {& g# O
e profits for business and votes for politicians, we will have found a sustain 6 v S1 v. K; y6 A4 \
able way to reduce inequity in the world. This task is open-ended. It can neve 9 ]1 j# p7 w7 x# V% x c J2 N
r be finished. But a conscious effort to answer this challenge will change the 7 T& F; j- W( o4 @3 k
world. ) e; b% ^! w2 C7 C, R
|% a! S. w3 ~1 b$ S- a如果我们能够找到这样一种方法,既可以帮到穷人,又可以为商人带来利润,为政治家带 : R8 V6 N9 F+ ]: u" ]
来选票,那么我们就找到了一种减少世界性不平等的可持续的发展道路。这个任务是无限
( L- u5 R. m) w. q$ s5 q( O) [的。它不可能被完全完成,但是任何自觉地解决这个问题的尝试,都将会改变这个世界。 ( Z% _0 E' G; {7 O! J+ w# T
! I3 A9 Q7 [ \" j0 U* \: p
6 j: l* {. p1 w' TI am optimistic that we can do this, but I talk to skeptics who claim there is ' {9 N$ Q* q* E9 [1 Y! T e) m. \
no hope. They say: "Inequity has been with us since the beginning, and will b * n o# m! w: x" b* H+ I
e with us till the end – because people just … don't … care." I completely . s5 `1 @( Q& E, L/ j6 v) P/ ?
disagree. / D* B7 q7 f; V; h: F
2 D7 v9 [* N! J# `3 X3 r( r K7 w! J在这个问题上,我是乐观的。但是,我也遇到过那些感到绝望的怀疑主义者。他们说:“
1 h8 F! a3 o8 r7 @8 W4 Q1 p不平等从人类诞生的第一天就存在,到人类灭亡的最后一天也将存在。——因为人类对这
$ u) C9 \) J: ^; r. i( y个问题根本不在乎。”我完全不能同意这种观点。
; ~; E4 K+ G' H% S( u' z; J# V7 r# f5 t$ y0 g
I believe we have more caring than we know what to do with.
F3 l0 k- T2 l( |, p
& X) f y e* Z# U我相信,问题不是我们不在乎,而是我们不知道怎么做。 ! U# v K) o* l& ^! _
1 j1 ^9 k. V7 V! q8 ^9 u* m" X' C
All of us here in this Yard, at one time or another, have seen human tragedies $ D$ @$ z5 w9 P
that broke our hearts, and yet we did nothing – not because we didn't care, . J$ z9 x5 s6 g' j6 z) F+ i
but because we didn't know what to do. If we had known how to help, we would h 2 c; t6 E6 W) Z; A& E
ave acted.
9 S7 a, ]6 U( b+ d c) |7 ?, q& \0 u5 ^) x
此刻在这个院子里的所有人,生命中总有这样或那样的时刻,目睹人类的悲剧,感到万分 9 ~" S; f' Z1 U
伤心。但是我们什么也没做,并非我们无动于衷,而是因为我们不知道做什么和怎么做。
" A5 y! u" y6 U7 a" K如果我们知道如何做是有效的,那么我们就会采取行动。
$ A& L* o' q! C$ @: T& X/ w# d0 b. [
The barrier to change is not too little caring; it is too much complexity.
6 m5 A- K$ R" n8 \+ u3 ?( F I' v) J, b" F
改变世界的阻碍,并非人类的冷漠,而是世界实在太复杂。 : M- z& g( B5 y0 H6 t0 K) T7 ^$ U
2 K: [" q v3 ` Y% ~* \To turn caring into action, we need to see a problem, see a solution, and see e& P6 |9 c" r" p) v; l& ^
the impact. But complexity blocks all three steps.
- X) \1 x) C& M" J7 R' C. j' R+ }4 U
为了将关心转变为行动,我们需要找到问题,发现解决办法的方法,评估后果。但是世界
7 e: K% u7 p0 W& q5 {的复杂性使得所有这些步骤都难于做到。
# `7 R( E0 r, B( |2 O, Z0 c
$ [( \, w: P% q2 d9 JEven with the advent of the Internet and 24-hour news, it is still a complex e
1 X" h7 g. M8 s( j& E4 Onterprise to get people to truly see the problems. When an airplane crashes, o & l- K. l8 ~7 Y( D$ P
fficials immediately call a press conference. They promise to investigate, det 2 s% `( R% |5 l2 l' p2 O
ermine the cause, and prevent similar crashes in the future.
+ q, u" T @8 F6 D1 y6 S) a
- K# m" c, B* A0 k3 A" ?即使有了互联网和24小时直播的新闻台,让人们真正发现问题所在,仍然十分困难。当一
; x! B0 i8 ]3 G2 R" R$ q! h架飞机坠毁了,官员们会立刻召开新闻发布会,他们承诺进行调查、找到原因、防止将来 , A3 t- e/ G2 @7 @+ a3 k' b
再次发生类似事故。 : _! v8 d2 v3 z$ n% e! o- F
- g% m( S; M; q$ d& x& d
But if the officials were brutally honest, they would say: "Of all the people
) b* ?( q) r5 m0 K8 I# bin the world who died today from preventable causes, one half of one percent o
2 @2 n( z4 K7 p7 mf them were on this plane. We're determined to do everything possible to solve
7 y' O( v+ c: A2 q! {, `the problem that took the lives of the one half of one percent." & y. j i' B2 v7 W1 M7 o
Y p _, a6 @8 Z7 n: s: ]5 j
但是如果那些官员敢说真话,他们就会说:“在今天这一天,全世界所有可以避免的死亡
) \# i! P9 h$ N1 P& N5 E: A之中,只有0.5%的死者来自于这次空难。我们决心尽一切努力,调查这个0.5%的死亡原因
2 V% |! F: d' Z# d。”
* A0 I; J9 e+ Z7 |( S7 c7 N
" t) ^% t2 s* c% l1 L5 @. uThe bigger problem is not the plane crash, but the millions of preventable dea 9 }* F( k$ [7 z" r; _4 d3 o
ths. X* p1 n2 n4 B1 c
* ]0 G5 y9 Y6 f8 h显然,更重要的问题不是这次空难,而是其他几百万可以预防的死亡事件。
7 d1 l) \0 F; `0 F: S. {( I/ e; W. g2 v* a+ ^
We don't read much about these deaths. The media covers what's new – and mill 8 c5 n+ B1 w2 M7 Q, g1 n N7 e! \
ions of people dying is nothing new. So it stays in the background, where it's 2 T- y2 w* b; f6 f8 m7 X2 X
easier to ignore. But even when we do see it or read about it, it's difficult
# G+ k% d# u W: t7 d8 |to keep our eyes on the problem. It's hard to look at suffering if the situat ( A! l) p3 l/ f
ion is so complex that we don't know how to help. And so we look away. : u" M0 m, L' W* z/ B% y2 P
6 b* R# U& s2 S- P( I. J& {
我们并没有很多机会了解那些死亡事件。媒体总是报告新闻,几百万人将要死去并非新闻
) ~* E8 R4 f* F& u3 l! R4 N。如果没有人报道,那么这些事件就很容易被忽视。另一方面,即使我们确实目睹了事件 $ S, A# _& } F E& ~! X& [2 _4 L
本身或者看到了相关报道,我们也很难持续关注这些事件。看着他人受苦是令人痛苦的, , g4 U0 ]* X* _0 `5 K6 _/ p
何况问题又如此复杂,我们根本不知道如何去帮助他人。所以我们会将脸转过去。 5 Z! g% s* n: c' A+ p% n
% m( t: u7 r6 g. ^! ^
If we can really see a problem, which is the first step, we come to the second 2 U+ f+ W& \8 y8 Z
step: cutting through the complexity to find a solution.
% x1 j2 p$ m+ w6 p
( e1 D) A: b2 R# G/ D就算我们真正发现了问题所在,也不过是迈出了第一步,接着还有第二步:那就是从复杂 ; Y1 F+ |* p. c' b3 x- P
的事件中找到解决办法。
+ z9 S) s! o* d3 l- c }
" x1 I- R( }% I; K* _3 @Finding solutions is essential if we want to make the most of our caring. If w 4 L9 B6 x; I5 Y- ^# z3 ^( R
e have clear and proven answers anytime an organization or individual asks "Ho
# ?5 m* ?4 I3 o7 w8 \- \/ pw can I help?," then we can get action – and we can make sure that none of th * b* K" @/ ~- S, |
e caring in the world is wasted. But complexity makes it hard to mark a path o
' I7 M' U8 r ]f action for everyone who cares — and that makes it hard for their caring to
7 p5 N+ u& O* v6 u q, k; nmatter.
$ L/ v9 w E" P' y. v
1 e3 u {4 Z7 j3 X. n如果我们要让关心落到实处,我们就必须找到解决办法。如果我们有一个清晰的和可靠的
% A7 r& F7 p0 ]1 W$ |4 n答案,那么当任何组织和个人发出疑问“如何我能提供帮助”的时候,我们就能采取行动 $ `* w& @4 Q* t8 _7 E2 Q
。我们就能够保证不浪费一丁点全世界人类对他人的关心。但是,世界的复杂性使得很难 / y$ B# K3 s2 s5 G' |, `5 |2 i
找到对全世界每一个有爱心的人都有效的行动方法,因此人类对他人的关心往往很难产生
, X# K( y0 i% ~- U Q/ L# t7 O" n7 e实际效果。
+ W. f3 A8 ] z$ e: J9 Z( ?' j. g. B
7 t4 `+ @4 _6 r4 S i ?9 C+ f8 o7 g6 |Cutting through complexity to find a solution runs through four predictable st # p* k4 U* J/ v
ages: determine a goal, find the highest-leverage approach, discover the ideal
" F# q4 J8 c7 p& C! j7 r( ytechnology for that approach, and in the meantime, make the smartest applicat
' H6 e) J5 t5 `# h; ~: Xion of the technology that you already have — whether it's something sophisti
8 ~0 N! t1 @9 d* x0 ncated, like a drug, or something simpler, like a bednet. 1 d% b/ q/ y# C; A
8 k! O& l$ L; {8 l2 t! Q
从这个复杂的世界中找到解决办法,可以分为四个步骤:确定目标,找到最高效的方法,
7 ^# n; b2 a z' O5 N& L发现适用于这个方法的新技术,同时最聪明地利用现有的技术,不管它是复杂的药物,还 6 d' Q# P& X4 U' Q% n
是最简单的蚊帐。 6 N% p$ i/ E ^8 ~
% z- t5 J& o) B' m& v! `& c7 u
The AIDS epidemic offers an example. The broad goal, of course, is to end the
9 V. ~* b5 h" r1 R1 Edisease. The highest-leverage approach is prevention. The ideal technology wou / g$ S/ e: V# A$ C" e9 W
ld be a vaccine that gives lifetime immunity with a single dose. So government
) U. t8 S# U4 K3 r4 Hs, drug companies, and foundations fund vaccine research. But their work is li
5 m. A7 g! ` r. _+ a Z6 J" |kely to take more than a decade, so in the meantime, we have to work with what
* _# l8 x' o, H3 [ z$ |4 twe have in hand – and the best prevention approach we have now is getting pe # [- v' q$ g/ X/ ~& B: q
ople to avoid risky behavior. $ K* ^& S. J5 p2 _
9 ~; X9 \1 \! y z
艾滋病就是一个例子。总的目标,毫无疑问是消灭这种疾病。最高效的方法是预防。最理 0 J0 t4 \( C: I8 F& m$ p
想的技术是发明一种疫苗,只要注射一次,就可以终生免疫。所以,政府、制药公司、基
. G9 O. R& U# j, w, i$ `) ?金会应该资助疫苗研究。但是,这样研究工作很可能十年之内都无法完成。因此,与此同
- e( R6 c) S# L# C8 H时,我们必须使用现有的技术,目前最有效的预防方法就是设法让人们避免那些危险的行
: K/ W" R Y- u) k4 u, C, }为。
3 M% A/ F- d/ n0 a; f4 a
2 `* v, z; _7 O- MPursuing that goal starts the four-step cycle again. This is the pattern. The
, o! O. @+ c J9 T8 _crucial thing is to never stop thinking and working – and never do what we di
+ A2 c9 H. z! fd with malaria and tuberculosis in the 20th century – which is to surrender t w: w! y e) W, M' T: S* h. E
o complexity and quit.
- \2 b# Q8 E) r8 Z; L% `; U) q1 z( G. D
要实现这个新的目标,又可以采用新的四步循环。这是一种模式。关键的东西是永远不要 # T$ _9 n/ p+ C8 ^- M9 y
停止思考和行动。我们千万不能再犯上个世纪在疟疾和肺结核上犯过的错误,那时我们因
A6 G+ Y/ E$ U为它们太复杂,而放弃了采取行动。 1 T. ~. H/ o: X1 k
& P. i" ^) {" ?, Q, O4 [0 _" W, S
The final step – after seeing the problem and finding an approach – is to me
0 A) ~+ x/ h9 x. [asure the impact of your work and share your successes and failures so that ot
/ ~! K: \! |3 W# @8 i& zhers learn from your efforts. " E/ e" q0 H5 q1 V, A' j
) c7 L0 e/ g6 e, \. I3 ]+ C* Z
在发现问题和找到解决方法之后,就是最后一步——评估工作结果,将你的成功经验或者 * p2 y7 ~. ? k W" e
失败经验传播出去,这样其他人就可以从你的努力中有所收获。 + m: L' d( y# d' u9 q& p
, |$ t$ W$ r4 \+ E
You have to have the statistics, of course. You have to be able to show that a
) ]: h' H. y6 l* ?2 h$ P* Aprogram is vaccinating millions more children. You have to be able to show a 5 `7 _( i w4 M- B8 F( b5 t( X/ P
decline in the number of children dying from these diseases. This is essential , _5 l3 i7 ]. H3 f$ i8 a
not just to improve the program, but also to help draw more investment from b
4 O' R" e H7 E( c: U* g0 s/ D/ m; Ausiness and government. % N/ X% y( S# h: q g/ o; T; N
- D; n+ |. g% Q! s @: |当然,你必须有一些统计数字。你必须让他人知道,你的项目为几百万儿童新接种了疫苗 2 u+ d8 l6 Y) f- C8 v
。你也必须让他人知道,儿童死亡人数下降了多少。这些都是很关键的,不仅有利于改善
+ `* r6 t |+ X+ A1 A9 G+ ^6 n: C项目效果,也有利于从商界和政府得到更多的帮助。
, z7 \$ j0 f" h3 f% L
: R/ S* ]7 ]; u1 J! {4 QBut if you want to inspire people to participate, you have to show more than n
' T/ W) n% c. f& }* f2 j9 b3 Wumbers; you have to convey the human impact of the work – so people can feel
; l$ f' g9 S! ?8 ]2 w! ~what saving a life means to the families affected. " E0 y$ P* H$ t" b! U
2 Q* P+ o6 B( c" V- b. Y但是,这些还不够,如果你想激励其他人参加你的项目,你就必须拿出更多的统计数字;
6 a# u9 q6 L2 M: B你必须展示你的项目的人性因素,这样其他人就会感到拯救一个生命,对那些处在困境中 ' `" g2 o: g5 f0 G
的家庭到底意味着什么。
: D4 h; A" w% O' } W% N6 _' F/ U- O! G" O( \" W
I remember going to Davos some years back and sitting on a global health panel 3 J7 U2 H8 h% Z& f; Y& L" h4 ~
that was discussing ways to save millions of lives. Millions! Think of the th - Q) b# \2 _" t; n5 C
rill of saving just one person's life – then multiply that by millions. … Ye
9 [- [* l3 }* H/ Z, `t this was the most boring panel I've ever been on – ever. So boring even I c
9 U. Y% r: s: G }& |3 Douldn't bear it. 5 D0 U# J0 `5 a$ O
?5 P. x: g( e+ ?3 @3 u几年前,我去瑞士达沃斯旁听一个全球健康问题论坛,会议的内容有关于如何拯救几百万
2 B0 [7 v- C R* c% ]2 s条生命。天哪,是几百万!想一想吧,拯救一个人的生命已经让人何等激动,现在你要把 4 y% d% C' w5 s. k V+ X
这种激动再乘上几百万倍……但是,不幸的是,这是我参加过的最最乏味的论坛,乏味到
/ c4 I- T @2 W: y我无法强迫自己听下去。 , r N9 ^% L, O" y) ^' H1 s$ c' i
3 O* q) M# q( v0 l. b
What made that experience especially striking was that I had just come from an
; y: N+ t8 |7 xevent where we were introducing version 13 of some piece of software, and we
1 }' a8 m! E& E" j9 uhad people jumping and shouting with excitement. I love getting people excited
# L2 @6 p7 v+ x, f* S n; [! f% | dabout software – but why can't we generate even more excitement for saving l * f1 F' E% J( q ^- {; { y) ^
ives?
: a$ X# u* h2 ~& F% w- I
1 l* H! \+ e, G$ H3 u) F那次经历之所以让我难忘,是因为之前我们刚刚发布了一个软件的第13个版本,我们让观
3 P& a( t) O8 Z众激动得跳了起来,喊出了声。我喜欢人们因为软件而感到激动,那么我们为什么不能够 : Q* X! \+ b* G: R( o
让人们因为能够拯救生命而感到更加激动呢? ' h' `; l! F3 O' B5 \, y) B
9 J9 I$ ?* A- D' V- U$ N$ z3 X
You can't get people excited unless you can help them see and feel the impact.
5 L8 O/ O7 g0 d& }$ {5 T: AAnd how you do that – is a complex question.
, q k# T+ i; e, n6 s9 M6 O# l0 P0 h
" o i) i$ d6 z" k; e& L7 ^除非你能够让人们看到或者感受到行动的影响力,否则你无法让人们激动。如何做到这一 ( ]1 X% \) [: H. y$ H
点,并不是一件简单的事。 ! [2 b3 p3 F: M: w
4 I7 h$ C4 F* P! B. ^4 I
Still, I'm optimistic. Yes, inequity has been with us forever, but the new too
1 a' s& U, D2 L% X* p9 H7 Rls we have to cut through complexity have not been with us forever. They are n I1 y( D6 L2 r2 T+ Z. ~ {
ew – they can help us make the most of our caring – and that's why the futur ' t& W2 Z: }# u3 p$ b& k
e can be different from the past.
* i( M2 d! [0 h1 z3 |
8 m( ? ]9 l2 m9 p同前面一样,在这个问题上,我依然是乐观的。不错,人类的不平等有史以来一直存在, / P8 @4 A$ n) C3 X. F+ X
但是那些能够化繁为简的新工具,却是最近才出现的。这些新工具可以帮助我们,将人类
& c) `0 J6 n$ e7 k; p$ u( T的同情心发挥最大的作用,这就是为什么将来同过去是不一样的。
/ A* A P% }( x$ d4 b8 u9 C1 ~3 \ ]- _4 H! x% j
The defining and ongoing innovations of this age – biotechnology, the compute ) z7 w4 p9 \7 X4 |2 u: o- G( b/ G2 m
r, the Internet – give us a chance we've never had before to end extreme pove , |, m' n' O0 i4 l3 J2 E ?
rty and end death from preventable disease. ; c4 f f2 n" L( q" m/ ]/ X
. F+ Y, w+ X- x( u) N这个时代无时无刻不在涌现出新的革新——生物技术,计算机,互联网——它们给了我们 $ q% p6 y' S( g* B
一个从未有过的机会,去终结那些极端的贫穷和非恶性疾病的死亡。 3 k) p9 U. r4 `! p$ y( I2 Q
/ L, W, F; a4 n! ^
Sixty years ago, George Marshall came to this commencement and announced a pla
9 W% ~7 q/ M! Z- J! }& Dn to assist the nations of post-war Europe. He said: "I think one difficulty i * |2 ]. o7 o" @) ]7 i2 U; k9 c# F9 G
s that the problem is one of such enormous complexity that the very mass of fa 7 R: Q& m: o4 r
cts presented to the public by press and radio make it exceedingly difficult f
3 g' u% _9 G6 u7 G1 n4 R- Gor the man in the street to reach a clear appraisement of the situation. It is % k! Q4 `5 g& |- O
virtually impossible at this distance to grasp at all the real significance o * [( l& d/ J- q2 Z. Z8 T4 ^: D4 H0 A
f the situation." 1 [. G4 c+ b) s2 y
; s) J9 t; [7 J' R- V& ^/ N
六十年前,乔治·马歇尔也是在这个地方的毕业典礼上,宣布了一个计划,帮助那些欧洲
8 A _; v+ G# {4 L国家的战后建设。他说:“我认为,困难的一点是这个问题太复杂,报纸和电台向公众源 : i: q6 i; O H6 a% g+ H% {5 N
源不断地提供各种事实,使得大街上的普通人极端难于清晰地判断形势。事实上,经过层 2 i/ |! z1 `6 B( v( o0 P5 B* A
层传播,想要真正地把握形势,是根本不可能的。”
5 s9 W' r1 L( T4 f; E, N
F: p/ G* L6 O; ?- YThirty years after Marshall made his address, as my class graduated without me 0 H0 n K0 P8 I' V! `
, technology was emerging that would make the world smaller, more open, more v , b/ H% S6 @1 `% K: s' p, B
isible, less distant.
3 Z/ s2 x' c. _* w7 G# O0 d) E! e
" J& ^9 K- n/ e& h+ I4 Y& U马歇尔发表这个演讲之后的三十年,我那一届学生毕业,当然我不在其中。那时,新技术 3 P9 z( ^9 Q/ z* z$ H
刚刚开始萌芽,它们将使得这个世界变得更小、更开放、更容易看到、距离更近。
5 q# T# v9 Z# q2 l) T* ^( t9 w, R+ x" `& w4 q ]$ V v4 k: G
The emergence of low-cost personal computers gave rise to a powerful network t
. Y1 W* i4 _/ z) p, N$ }hat has transformed opportunities for learning and communicating.
/ Y8 [ D( A* x6 k# }' U3 ]+ I% Z+ \, w
低成本的个人电脑的出现,使得一个强大的互联网有机会诞生,它为学习和交流提供了巨 $ \ p \8 v) r3 d9 Z0 m" I
大的机会。
2 ^+ b3 W2 q, D9 Z- M5 F4 |; w# i0 I2 d' {+ f& G& k. D. r6 \
The magical thing about this network is not just that it collapses distance an
9 W7 E' A# {8 A1 _3 F6 y xd makes everyone your neighbor. It also dramatically increases the number of b . m# {# X x3 u4 _! B# T9 S5 O
rilliant minds we can have working together on the same problem – and that sc
7 e, g; _ r$ lales up the rate of innovation to a staggering degree.
/ t+ L( |7 L4 A& \2 T' N# E
8 P& Z! k$ h. H/ i7 c" p9 ]网络的神奇之处,不仅仅是它缩短了物理距离,使得天涯若比邻。它还极大地增加了怀有 ' I4 ^8 d" z z) t3 M
共同想法的人们聚集在一起的机会,我们可以为了解决同一个问题,一起共同工作。这就
- _! i; L! }5 x) r7 \7 M. p; U大大加快了革新的进程,发展速度简直快得让人震惊。
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/ H0 g! c, {4 t$ \0 OAt the same time, for every person in the world who has access to this technol
# ^: }. ^" t E# s S6 R, X# z6 Gogy, five people don't. That means many creative minds are left out of this di
) q. t( D8 l! G$ yscussion -- smart people with practical intelligence and relevant experience w
2 B. F/ E+ Z9 }" H xho don't have the technology to hone their talents or contribute their ideas t # t5 ^( a$ u6 ?( J
o the world. # h3 X" [0 e" {$ F7 l+ \# O s- D$ Y9 D
# N+ x9 L8 W6 u7 E: a5 g0 h" i8 @
与此同时,世界上有条件上网的人,只是全部人口的六分之一。这意味着,还有许多具有 6 S ~# U" M5 M4 }6 ~9 [
创造性的人们,没有加入到我们的讨论中来。那些有着实际的操作经验和相关经历的聪明 6 y: X: C5 C: q/ Q3 U
人,却没有技术来帮助他们,将他们的天赋或者想法与全世界分享。 5 p8 ~/ r( ~3 `7 {1 V; b6 ^$ k
* r# J) r; }! p/ g8 vWe need as many people as possible to have access to this technology, because " Q2 b& r8 M, \6 f( o. f& d, B
these advances are triggering a revolution in what human beings can do for one ! d* [9 X$ Y/ R4 B4 ~& @
another. They are making it possible not just for national governments, but f . m1 [) |# F8 e4 d# s4 A
or universities, corporations, smaller organizations, and even individuals to
. k. x/ Q4 H ?see problems, see approaches, and measure the impact of their efforts to addre
4 b6 ?9 m$ r0 e, {3 Vss the hunger, poverty, and desperation George Marshall spoke of 60 years ago. 1 N j0 S7 x" ]+ _- o/ m
0 t3 k) f- z& E% K6 `
5 U f) z) s$ [4 ^ b$ m1 C我们需要尽可能地让更多的人有机会使用新技术,因为这些新技术正在引发一场革命,人 ' ~6 |3 y! `0 _' f E
类将因此可以互相帮助。新技术正在创造一种可能,不仅是政府,还包括大学、公司、小 . s& I% C. H I4 {+ J3 a
机构、甚至个人,能够发现问题所在、能够找到解决办法、能够评估他们努力的效果,去 / y1 v# ]5 I0 j; ]* u7 ~( z
改变那些马歇尔六十年前就说到过的问题——饥饿、贫穷和绝望。 2 m7 o2 z4 u, Y: C* n1 z* N
% C4 d% Z2 y0 J/ ]Members of the Harvard Family: Here in the Yard is one of the great collection
$ O4 a/ s% H/ H, a7 Hs of intellectual talent in the world. / f+ ~+ _+ P/ j2 S4 y# E2 |" ]
: `/ n6 Y, a+ ^$ s x) |哈佛是一个大家庭。这个院子里在场的人们,是全世界最有智力的人类群体之一。
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What for?
! k4 W1 J/ U( e# S$ X7 s) b, a% {' s1 R( }
我们可以做些什么? * u+ g; R0 Y3 q( I
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There is no question that the faculty, the alumni, the students, and the benef
# d! i: H; a$ m+ G, sactors of Harvard have used their power to improve the lives of people here an
* n: w$ S/ e3 r c! ]d around the world. But can we do more? Can Harvard dedicate its intellect to * s% R4 ]- c8 ? i! w8 y
improving the lives of people who will never even hear its name?
2 W1 G& G* r( R8 p) I5 H1 @; _2 l
毫无疑问,哈佛的老师、校友、学生和资助者,已经用他们的能力改善了全世界各地人们 , d1 e& t1 I- \* m8 Q9 w. E
的生活。但是,我们还能够再做什么呢?有没有可能,哈佛的人们可以将他们的智慧,用
8 b! u; [0 |# @1 {# H来帮助那些甚至从来没有听到过“哈佛”这个名字的人? + ^: y5 r! f9 a8 a6 y
2 u( x( q* e0 [( y
Let me make a request of the deans and the professors – the intellectual lead
$ K( o' l3 b. D R1 p" w iers here at Harvard: As you hire new faculty, award tenure, review curriculum, 3 F4 r; C4 \8 T+ g5 T$ r* J
and determine degree requirements, please ask yourselves:
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9 x( b5 X& }4 l+ c请允许我向各位院长和教授,提出一个请求——你们是哈佛的智力领袖,当你们雇用新的
+ {/ c3 O7 U# \$ p. ~1 _( T9 S3 {老师、授予终身教职、评估课程、决定学位颁发标准的时候,请问你们自己如下的问题: 9 L5 O4 p3 u( c+ ^+ p
' b. K2 P* K3 W7 I4 ]
- {% f W t$ A5 P ]
Should our best minds be dedicated to solving our biggest problems? ) g) f" u% C" I
+ n% S) Z5 U# D" A7 N4 G
我们最优秀的人才是否在致力于解决我们最大的问题?
4 n" C: q! n4 j. V7 R" _
; B7 [! t$ ^" _7 z4 h2 a! JShould Harvard encourage its faculty to take on the world's worst inequities?
3 V, _. V' j1 ZShould Harvard students learn about the depth of global poverty … the prevale
3 F* ~; w7 u$ f, Ince of world hunger … the scarcity of clean water …the girls kept out of sch
# {' n0 g; Q# B. s, gool … the children who die from diseases we can cure? ! c; s/ H2 j; r; p; m( z0 J
+ A, R! O, r" [) R9 \+ e
哈佛是否鼓励她的老师去研究解决世界上最严重的不平等?哈佛的学生是否从全球那些极 ' f( z2 Q: D5 s; x
端的贫穷中学到了什么……世界性的饥荒……清洁的水资源的缺乏……无法上学的女童…
1 |/ E8 z3 r, d…死于非恶性疾病的儿童……哈佛的学生有没有从中学到东西? 8 w! F5 v2 n" D2 L6 l$ L* p7 B
) r& t) t# R5 f4 nShould the world's most privileged people learn about the lives of the world's
) ], ?, Q8 S' Z3 H. J7 @/ a' \/ }least privileged?
) f' k4 p) V6 ^$ ?7 ~' z7 I8 O7 M
2 }$ G+ c; |; f+ k' p# O. M% K那些世界上过着最优越生活的人们,有没有从那些最困难的人们身上学到东西? , s4 E, B4 N; c- n
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These are not rhetorical questions – you will answer with your policies. # D# z9 c& q5 N! }% t8 A; ]- k! v" W2 [
& E: b8 _7 b! y; ^6 G, `这些问题并非语言上的修辞。你必须用自己的行动来回答它们。
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My mother, who was filled with pride the day I was admitted here – never stop : p9 r) t! a8 a4 R
ped pressing me to do more for others. A few days before my wedding, she hoste $ [2 A' e( w' Y1 ^
d a bridal event, at which she read aloud a letter about marriage that she had
5 O& N8 G( W/ V* qwritten to Melinda. My mother was very ill with cancer at the time, but she s
: O7 t4 O7 @( b8 J6 [6 w6 {6 saw one more opportunity to deliver her message, and at the close of the letter $ G9 D' Y, V& S3 ]- k2 M( i
she said: "From those to whom much is given, much is expected."
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4 K+ v. K* ]8 S0 H+ m4 t7 g我的母亲在我被哈佛大学录取的那一天,曾经感到非常骄傲。她从没有停止督促我,去为
4 A. L6 y/ F) g! @2 A; L他人做更多的事情。在我结婚的前几天,她主持了一个新娘进我家的仪式。在这个仪式上
; ?+ \4 o1 G8 F) X, w; {1 c% q,她高声朗读了一封关于婚姻的信,这是她写给Melinda的。那时,我的母亲已经因为癌症
3 D0 z& s, w! H3 Z( w1 f, } j病入膏肓,但是她还是认为这是又一个传播她的信念的机会。在那封信的结尾,她写道: 9 F% r! L/ g; ` {' i6 O+ ^# v
“对于那些接受了许多帮助的人们,他们还在期待更多的帮助。你的能力越大,人们对你
2 Z8 h2 _9 z/ V' l3 `) W+ ]的期望也就越大。”
* z+ R* ]( ]: [7 O# J* ?. o/ @% u6 a% z! x; \
When you consider what those of us here in this Yard have been given – in tal
' X1 V2 n$ X# b; Yent, privilege, and opportunity – there is almost no limit to what the world
4 s# ^/ k0 ]* g' m& i% y: f# ?has a right to expect from us.
1 Z( s( }' O, L; N* O. r' {4 Z# _7 ]6 ~7 {, g
想一想吧,我们在这个院子里的这些人,被给予过什么——天赋、特权、机遇——那么可
) b, \0 {, L9 T! X以这样说,全世界的人们几乎有无限的权力,期待我们做出贡献。
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In line with the promise of this age, I want to exhort each of the graduates h 5 U( i; j& R. x8 |/ Z
ere to take on an issue – a complex problem, a deep inequity, and become a sp
2 f& E1 M( a0 } t9 _) E" Q& Decialist on it. If you make it the focus of your career, that would be phenome + L4 M* G& V- c2 E, O
nal. But you don't have to do that to make an impact. For a few hours every we 4 P' N' b+ R/ f9 [6 ~
ek, you can use the growing power of the Internet to get informed, find others 6 Q" V" g; s. m {* u4 K
with the same interests, see the barriers, and find ways to cut through them.
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同这个时代的期望一样,我也要向今天各位毕业的同学提出一个忠告:你们要选择一个问 x8 a% h5 j4 i( ~# Q% D' T
题,一个复杂的问题,一个有关于人类深刻的不平等的问题,然后你们要变成这个问题的 , V+ A0 d2 ]6 s: H1 O4 m* P
专家。如果你们能够使得这个问题成为你们职业的核心,那么你们就会非常杰出。但是, 7 j& d5 ]6 I+ @- D5 R( z
你们不必一定要去做那些大事。每个星期只用几个小时,你就可以通过互联网得到信息, ) {# R) v1 o1 X# V
找到志同道合的朋友,发现困难所在,找到解决它们的途径。
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Don't let complexity stop you. Be activists. Take on the big inequities. It wi 5 M$ e G4 d2 [7 _
ll be one of the great experiences of your lives. 0 s a, M1 R# Y$ k( m
$ `' z" q" @. V( f2 K不要让这个世界的复杂性阻碍你前进。要成为一个行动主义者。将解决人类的不平等视为 % H# m) s& k! S7 F, L& d0 H
己任。它将成为你生命中最重要的经历之一。
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You graduates are coming of age in an amazing time. As you leave Harvard, you 6 ?' N7 c: _1 |. \2 E5 k6 d
have technology that members of my class never had. You have awareness of glob
. i. u! W$ @" I% z5 a! j- Jal inequity, which we did not have. And with that awareness, you likely also h . t( }9 Y' J. {* v
ave an informed conscience that will torment you if you abandon these people w 2 ^* a2 r* O% \7 r; ]/ O
hose lives you could change with very little effort. You have more than we had
% y4 F4 U" ?9 R/ P" U; you must start sooner, and carry on longer.
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; ]$ V) r' Q% G- I$ p7 \1 E在座的各位毕业的同学,你们所处的时代是一个神奇的时代。当你们离开哈佛的时候,你 , N7 V/ h' H3 ^" c3 s
们拥有的技术,是我们那一届学生所没有的。你们已经了解到了世界上的不平等,我们那
( i' d0 b# T; `( g! }时还不知道这些。有了这样的了解之后,要是你再弃那些你可以帮助的人们于不顾,就将
+ B/ c0 A6 g! W$ U0 m% k: U5 I- I受到良心的谴责,只需一点小小的努力,你就可以改变那些人们的生活。你们比我们拥有 , D. p$ F( v0 l, l! ~2 Z
更大的能力;你们必须尽早开始,尽可能长时期坚持下去。
8 I6 x0 D5 ~" `: b5 E- g
+ y0 S1 N0 I$ |, d" AKnowing what you know, how could you not? ) u% D- Z; P7 y3 d0 n
' U, z, D1 q* Q- N知道了你们所知道的一切,你们怎么可能不采取行动呢?
% L b( c$ O! j# p7 A' g) P4 ~, S% t4 g/ n& f
And I hope you will come back here to Harvard 30 years from now and reflect on
7 I5 s0 \" C- ^9 T4 M/ y9 Swhat you have done with your talent and your energy. I hope you will judge yo : m8 t2 X# R) u$ H
urselves not on your professional accomplishments alone, but also on how well ' ?- Z2 M+ M( Z$ l
you have addressed the world's deepest inequities … on how well you treated p 5 s6 ]4 ?7 z" B5 v# F3 ~9 u
eople a world away who have nothing in common with you but their humanity. 2 T- `9 Y! T. _! e- w) b
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我希望,30年后你们还会再回到哈佛,想起你们用自己的天赋和能力所做出的一切。我希
- u. @1 [# o# ~" }3 ^6 \望,在那个时候,你们用来评价自己的标准,不仅仅是你们的专业成就,而包括你们为改 / p; r) N r9 ?; A
变这个世界深刻的不平等所做出的努力,以及你们如何善待那些远隔千山万水、与你们毫 / d0 e0 D% y9 U$ B
不涉及的人们,你们与他们唯一的共同点就是同为人类。 |
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