[建议] 身体运动勿过量
<BR><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 66.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.66; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"> 健身运动勿过量</SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 66.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.66; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">运动免疫研究者多年的研究，对许多运动免疫问题达成共识，并形成了下面主要比较成熟的“开窗”理论和“</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">J</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">”型曲线模式，前者主要与运动训练引起的免疫抑制有关，后者则形象地反映出不同运动对免疫机能的不同影响。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">“</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt">OPEN WINDOW</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">’理论</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">此理论认为，大强度急性运动时，应激激素的急剧升高以及血流动力学发生的急剧变化，导致淋巴细胞等免疫细胞快速动员入血，使得淋巴细胞等数量在运动期间急剧升高，淋巴细胞亚群比例发生明显改变。大强度运动后，淋巴细胞浓度下降，增殖分化能力及活性降低，免疫球蛋白含量及功能也受到影响，出现免疫低下期。据研究，受一次性急性运动影响，免疫低下期可持续</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">3</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">—</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">72</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">小时不等。在免疫低下期，各种细菌、病毒等病原体极易侵入人体，对疾病的易感率升高。故形象地将这段免疫低下期称为“</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">open window</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">”，意为“打开的窗户”，表明此阶段机体的“窗户”未像平常那样“关闭”着，将病原体拒之门外，而是“打开”放任它们进入人体，故此期运动员易感率明显上升。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">“</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt">J</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">”型曲线模式</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman">大量的运动免疫研究观察到，人体的免疫功能状态与运动负荷、运动强度、持续时间等运动安排有密切关系。不运动者呈一种自然免疫状态，而大强度、大运动负荷、较长持续时间且频度较高的运动训练，则会强烈抑制免疫机能。在这两极之间，有一适中的运动强度、运动频度、运动负荷、持续时间的组合方式，既能有效地提高身体机能，又能有效地提高免疫机能，提高身体抵抗力。依据这些研究结果，人们发现在运动强度与上呼吸道感染率之间，存在如此一种微妙关系：若以正常不运动者安静水平作为参照，可以发现适中强度的经常性身体运动可明显降低上呼吸道感染率，而大强度运动训练则会使之明显升高。三者相比，形成一条类似“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">J</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman">”字形的曲线。</SPAN></B></P><P><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman">由此可见，运动一定要适量；特别是体弱和老人的健身运动，一定避免力竭性运动。</SPAN></B><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR></P> <FONT face=隶书 size=5>我的运动量尺度是--运动过后没有疲劳感为限。</FONT>
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