海尼斯谈游泳时的手姿-英汉对照翻译 -

from Chinaswim.com

下面是Eismann教授指定的作业，今天试译出，肯定会有很多错误的地方，请大家ＰＰ并指正．我翻译你审译:

Finger Position
By Emmett Hines (Emmett) on Unrecorded Date:
海尼斯谈游泳时的手姿，时间不详。

Great question.
不可忽视的问题

First of all, there are two different parts of the stroke cycle where this is an issue.
首先，我们要知道在自由泳的划臂动作周期中，有两处不同，这是问题的关键所在。

1)Entry - as your hand enters the water to full extension you want to have minimum resistance and turbulence. This requires you to have all fingers and thumb together and pointed straight into the path you want the arm to follow - think in terms of feeling the onrush of water almost exclusively at your finger/thumb tips and nothing but smooth laminar flow across the tops and bottoms of your fingers. Catch no air. Cuppeth not thine appendages.

1）入水－当手掌入水时，你要想阻力和湍流最小，手掌就要完全伸直　。需要五指并拢，径直指向并进入手臂随之入水的路径，――手掌入水时，要感到水流猛冲手指和大拇指尖，并感到水流平稳地流过手心和手背。不要带入空气。手掌不要成凹形，成凹形就起不到手掌的作用了。

2)Stroke - once you have reached full extension, allowed your arm/hand to dally there whilst your other arm recovered, and are ready to begin the stroke there is no need to try to hold the fingers together - nor try to hold them apart. In general we want maximum presentation of "paddle" surface area at to the water - this is not really affected signifigantly by spread or closed fingers/thumb. Looking closely at video footage of elite swimmers one finds that they are quite different in how they "hold" their fingers - the finger positions change throughout the stroke and often vary greatly from right hand to left hand - though nearly all elite swimmers are amazingly consisent from stroke to stroke with either hand. Generally, when asked what they "do" with their fingers there is not a high level of awareness, tending, instead, more toward having a "feel" they search for. Oh yeah - and they cuppeth not their appendages.

Hope this helps!

２）划臂－当一手臂已经充分伸展，另一手臂已经移臂时，要让手臂在那儿拖延一下。而即将开始划臂的手掌就不必试图并拢手指了--但也不要试图分开。总的来说，我们需要手掌在水中呈现出像"手蹼"那样的最大对水表面积。但是，这并不意味着手指和拇指的张开或并紧真的会起到什么作用。当你仔细观看优秀游泳运动员录像的某一个镜头时，就会发现他们"保持"手姿的方式完全不同，手姿在划臂的过程中始终都有所变化，右手和左手的手姿常常也有很大的差异。然而，几乎所有优秀游泳运动员划水时都令人惊讶地连贯一致。普遍地讲，当有人问及他们的手姿是什么样子，知道不知道有什么高标准时，他们都更乐于谈他们探索到的"水感"。哦，是的，--手要成凹型就不是他们的手了。

望有所帮助!

12345,五根手指头....

游泳时手掌该怎么做比较好呢?.....

以上图来说,1的反动力最大,然后依次递减,实际上1、2、3的差异并不太大,4、5则明显较差,
所以游泳时不要做成4、5的型态喔!

如前1、2、3的差异并不太大,那么为什么游泳时不要将五指分开呢?
因为五指分开时腕部及手指屈肌,会比并拢时消耗热能多,因此较易疲劳且会影响速度,尤以长距离比赛更甚。
为了证实这个事实,您可以把手指分开几分钟试试,应该就可以感觉到该部肌肉疲劳了.
同样的,如果太用力并拢手指,也会无谓的使肌肉浪费了能力。
(另外您也可以用另一个方法试一试,坐车时把手伸出去,就会感觉到不同的手掌型态所产生的不同阻力)

有的流体力学研究,认为手指微开会比手指并拢产生较多的推进力,日本还有所谓"薄膜理论",
因此,有关手指形状小偏差的问题,我想我们应该这么看待:
要把握原则问题,不要因细节问题而忽视了原则问题,而应该优先考虑原则问题。