老医导航 发表于 2007-9-18 15:20

素食营养与健康

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;问:</SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">严格素食能够保证健康吗</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">?</SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">答:没有理由认为严格素食者比食肉者摄入的营养素少,但只需要注意补充摄入某些营养素;最显而易见的是蛋白质.一定要摄入足够的大豆制品、豆类、坚果、种子和发了芽的种子。每天需要两份蛋白质.还需要有良好的必需脂肪酸供应.以保证大脑、皮肤和激素健康需求。坚果和种子类食物是必需脂肪酸的极好的营养源,尤其是亚麻子,因为它是素食食品中惟一含有大量Ω—</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">3</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">脂肪酸的食品,建议每天吃一勺亚麻油。坚果也含有丰富的钙。素食的人常无法获取这种矿物质,因为他们不喝牛奶。严格素食可能缺乏的营养素是维生素</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">B12</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">,食品中只有动物制品富含維生素</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">B12</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">。建议服含维生素</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">B12</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">和品质</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">优良的多种维生素制剂。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">严格素食对减轻体重非常有用,但如果体重已经不迭标,饮食中摄入适量的各种宏量营养素</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">(</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂肪</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">)</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">非常重要。进行严格素食时、虽然也可以获得所需的所有蛋白质,但许多严格素食者实际上都没有做到保证摄入健康量</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">的坚果、种子、豆腐、豆类、全谷类食品,每天或每两天都要混合吃一些,以确保摄入足够的氨基酸。脂肪营养源也很重要,严格素食者的选择是种子类食物</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">(</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">葵花予、亚麻子、大麻子和南瓜子</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">.以及这些种子的冷榨油,应该经常吃这些食最后.一定</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">要摄入足够的碳水化合物一一复合碳水化合物;而不是精制碳水化合物以满足能量的需求。每一餐或每次点心都摄入一半的蛋白质,以平衡碳水化合物,避免因碳水化合物摄入过量而导致血糖过高。</SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">素食者的蛋白质摄入量要达到最佳.要注意食物的搭配;如谷物、豆类和坚果/种子等类食物的搭配。比如吃玉米同时配食豆制品,就会配全构成蛋白质的二十种氨基酸。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">从蛋白质的利用来看.这些食物搭配着吃肯定会产生不同的效果,但不需要每餐都这么做。人体有个氨基酸库,不会每餐都用尽,但如果一天没有摄入必需氨基酸。库存的氨基酸就会变得很低。因此每天只需要一次食物搭配,一周都坚持这么做。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">例如,早餐吃种子类食物和谷类食品,午餐和晚餐吃豆类、坚果、扁豆或豆腐。不要每顿饭都吃只谷类食品。大豆和豆腐本身的营养就非常全面,应该常吃。但也不可吃得过多,过多了它也会产生一定的不良作用。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 素</SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">食者</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman">最值得注意的,首先是蛋白质,许多素食者摄入的蛋白质太少。所以每天一定要吃大豆制品、豆类或鸡蛋。鸡蛋也含有丰富的铁和其他重要营养素。其次是需要注意补充良好的必需脂肪酸。以确保大脑、皮肤和激素健康之所需。这些营养素在鱼中的含量很丰富,亚麻子中的含量也很高,所以有人建议每天吃一大汤匙亚麻子,或一勺亚麻油。还有,严格素食者,一定还要补充含维生素</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">B12</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman">的高品质多种维生素制剂,因为只有动物食品舍有维生素</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">B12</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman">。</SPAN></B></P>

海鹰 发表于 2007-9-18 15:38

<FONT color=#ee11c2 size=6>学习,收藏了。<BR></FONT>

自由人 发表于 2007-9-18 19:44

<FONT face=隶书 color=#ee3d11 size=6>科学饮食</FONT>

快乐泳者 发表于 2007-9-19 05:29

<P align=center><STRONG><FONT face=华文行楷 color=#3c3cc4 size=5>健康是自己的。</FONT></STRONG></P>

日不落 发表于 2007-9-19 06:21

原文由 自由人 发表: <FONT face=隶书 color=#ee3d11 size=6>科学饮食</FONT>

江湖散人 发表于 2007-9-19 06:41

<STRONG><FONT size=5><FONT face=宋体>不要每顿饭都吃只谷类食品。大豆和豆腐本身的营养就非常全面,应该常吃。但也不可吃得过多,过多了它也会产生一定的不良作用。<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></STRONG>

鹰鹰 发表于 2007-9-19 22:13

好文章!学习了再学习!

鸭绿江浪花 发表于 2007-9-20 18:37

<P><FONT face=华文行楷 color=#0938f7 size=6></FONT>&nbsp;</P><P><FONT face=华文行楷 color=#0938f7 size=6>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 吃出个健康来!</FONT></P>

大海的风帆 发表于 2007-9-27 21:45

<P><FONT color=#ee11c2 size=6><STRONG><FONT size=5>素</FONT><SPAN>食者最值得注意的,首先是蛋白质,许多素食者摄入的蛋白质太少。所以每天一定要吃大豆制品、豆类或鸡蛋。鸡蛋也含有丰富的铁和其他重要营养素。其次是需要注意补充良好的必需脂肪酸。以确保大脑、皮肤和激素健康之所需。这些营养素在鱼中的含量很丰富,亚麻子中的含量也很高,所以有人建议每天吃一大汤匙亚麻子,或一勺亚麻油。还有,严格素食者,一定还要补充含维生素</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: " Times Roman?; New mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family:>B12</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: " Times Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: ?Times New Roman?? mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning:>的高品质多种维生素制剂,因为只有动物食品舍有维生素</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: " Times Roman?; New mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family:>B12</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: " Times Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: ?Times New Roman?? mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning:>。</SPAN></STRONG></FONT></P><P align=center><FONT color=#ee11c2 size=6><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: " Times Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: ?Times New Roman?? mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning:></SPAN></STRONG><FONT color=#113dee>学习,收藏。</FONT><BR></P></FONT>
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