[转贴]拉鲁湿地 拉萨的肺
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">拉鲁湿地</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">拉萨的肺</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"> <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"> □《湿地公约》是这样定义湿地的：天然或人工、长久或暂时性的沼泽地、泥炭地或水域地带、静止或流动、淡水、半咸水、咸水体，包括低潮时水深不超过</SPAN><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="6" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">的水域。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">□湿地的类型：珊瑚礁、滩涂、红树林、湖泊、河流、河口、沼泽、水库、池塘和水稻田等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">这里不需要氧气瓶</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">7</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">月，午后，拉萨市当热西路。几辆开足马力的越野车呼啸而过，“扑棱棱”———公路北面的绿色中，一群白色的鸟儿被惊起，忽闪着翅膀，很快，又没入浓浓的水草中。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">这片</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">6.6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">平方公里的绿地，就是拉鲁湿地，位于布达拉宫西北面不到</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="公里" SourceValue="2" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">公里</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">，占据拉萨城近四分之一的面积。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">据拉萨市环保局与四川大学联合发布的《拉萨拉鲁湿地自然保护区科学考察报告》称，若拉鲁湿地草场保持良好生长的状态，通过光合作用，最大程度每年可吸收</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">8.39</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">万吨二氧化碳，产生</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">8.23</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">万吨氧气。这里，是整个拉萨城最不需要氧气瓶的地方。它就是拉萨的肺。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">达娃今年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">57</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">岁。她说，儿时最兴奋的事，莫过于和父母一起，去湿地中心地带，过“林卡”（藏语，与汉语郊游之意相近）。其实，拉萨市民能走入拉鲁湿地，是在西藏和平解放之后。此前，拉鲁湿地属于西藏名声显赫的拉鲁家族，而拉鲁湿地———这座当今世界海拔最高、位于城市市区面积最大的天然湿地，则是拉鲁家私有的牧场和乐园。但是，在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">2005</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">月，普通人自由进出拉鲁湿地的景象被改变了。这一年，拉鲁湿地，正式被列为国家级自然保护区。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">人类的烙印有多深？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">人类和城市的影响，已在拉鲁湿地打下了深深的烙印。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">20</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">世纪</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">60</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">年代以前，拉鲁湿地生态环境良好，生物多样性程度高。水草丰茂，牧草高度可达</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="2.5" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">2.5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">；野生鱼类、两栖动物、鸟类众多，狐、野兔、鹰、鼠、野鸭、斑头雁、棕头鸥、赤麻鸭等兽、禽在此生活、越冬和繁殖，湿地还是濒危物种黑颈鹤的重要栖息地。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"> 上世纪</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">60</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">年代中期至</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">70</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">年代，湿地边沿开始围耕、基建，致使湿地遭受人为干扰，生态环境逐渐开始退化。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">上世纪</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">80</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">年代，巴尔库兴建采石场，石块和沙砾阻塞了娘热沟和夺底沟的来水和流沙，致使湿地北面约以每年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">亩的速度被覆盖而沙化，至今部分区域渐成不毛之地。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">上世纪</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">90</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">年代，拉萨中干渠建设，极大地改变了湿地的水文状况，长达</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="km" SourceValue="7.3" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">7.3km</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">的干渠穿越拉萨市中区，自东向西沿拉鲁湿地南边穿过。对拉鲁湿地而言，该渠只能排水，不能灌溉，每年直接将湿地</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">70%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">的水量排入拉萨河，湿地地下水位严重下降，急剧加速了湿地自然植被的退化和植物种类变化。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">30</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">年，湿地面积已减少约</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">40%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">据说，今年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">月的拉鲁湿地，黑颈鹤———这种</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">2003</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">年已被国际列为急需挽救的濒危物种，成群地回归了久违的故地，这似乎在预示，青藏高原的湿地，在经历涅槃后，作为雪域高原的花环，又开始了新一轮的绽放。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"> （据《中国妇女报》王长路任然</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">/</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">文）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <FONT size=5>保护环境，保护我们赖以生存的家园！！</FONT> 保护环境刻不容缓！ 好美！<br> 原文由 水妖 发表: 保护环境刻不容缓！ 原文由 三省克己 发表: 原文由 水妖 发表: 保护环境刻不容缓！ 原文由 傲雪寒梅 发表: <FONT size=5>保护环境，保护我们赖以生存的家园！！</FONT> <BR><IMG src="/attachments/Upfiles/2007915162650128.jpg"><BR><BR><FONT size=5>卫星拍下的拉鲁湿地</FONT> <BR><IMG src="/attachments/Upfiles/2007915162847905.jpg"><BR><BR><BR><IMG src="/attachments/Upfiles/2007915162940735.jpg"><BR><BR><FONT size=5>拉鲁湿地</FONT> <BR><IMG src="/attachments/Upfiles/2007915163036270.jpg"><BR><BR><FONT size=5>在拉鲁湿地放牧</FONT> <P><BR><IMG src="/attachments/Upfiles/2007915163320995.jpg"></P><P><FONT size=5>在拉鲁湿地放牧</FONT><BR><BR></P> <BLOCKQUOTE><STRONG>引用</STRONG>： <br><HR SIZE=1><br>原文由 <B>傲雪寒梅</B> 发表: <FONT size=5>保护环境，保护我们赖以生存的家园！！</FONT> <br><HR SIZE=1></BLOCKQUOTE><BR>
页:
[1]