紫衣の罗兰 发表于 2007-3-28 10:11

[转贴]提高游泳技术的时效方法(悠悠水上漂)

<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="96%" align=center border=0><TBODY><TR><TD class=titlefont align=middle height=30><FONT size=5></FONT></TD></TR><TR><TD class=OTableline align=middle bgColor=#f3f3f3 height=25><FONT class=info_font title=中国冬泳网 size=5></FONT></TD></TR><TR><TD class=content_font vAlign=top height=300><BR><FONT size=5>&nbsp; </FONT><TABLE style="WIDTH: 100%; mso-cellspacing: 0cm; mso-padding-alt: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0><TBODY><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 2.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 2.25pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2.25pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 2.25pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top colSpan=3><TABLE style="WIDTH: 100%; mso-cellspacing: 0cm; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0><TBODY><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all"><FONT size=5><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1 </FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">对环境的利用</SPAN></B></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">&nbsp; 游泳时身体的沉浮较多的取决于技术。现在世界上优秀运动员在换气时都尽量减少必须的头、肩出水程度和缩短持续时间</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">他们尽量利用肢体配合代替因头肩出水所需躯干的支撑作用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">降低躯干下沉的速度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">借以维持身体在前进时的高度和平衡程度。有的利用间隔换气控制呼吸次数来减少起伏的重复。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">&nbsp; 游泳池水是相对静止的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">其流动是因游泳时人体动作引起</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">并以同方向同速度流动的。这种水流在水利学上称为形势伴流</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">是人体运动能量的转化现象</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">是人体能量流失的标志。优秀运动员们能恰当地利用这些水流惯性作用获得附加效果。如腿脚在收打</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">蹬</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">) </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">的转化过程前加速前收</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">以此引起伴流形势加剧</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">当脚转入后打时</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">使打水速度与伴流相击</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">即会在脚前、后加大压力变化</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">提高动作功率</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">起到爆发式用力的效果。在另一些动作中要减少伴流影响</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">如划臂与前伸分走两条路线等等。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">身体在速度方向上保持流线形</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">有利于发挥和延续已获速度和减少起动的负荷</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">加快起游速度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">使由静到动变为动中加速</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">从而节省能耗和提高效果。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">优秀运动员出发入水或转身蹬腿后身体都要保持一定程度的伸展</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">以缩小身体横径和截面</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">改进流线形</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">降低阻力系数。据</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1983 </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">年全运会和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1984 </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">年邀请赛统计资料分析</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">优秀运动员为了获得转身速度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">在游近池壁时都加速</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">至少是不减速的冲向池</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">壁</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">利用前冲惯性克服转折死点</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">并在蹬离后利用已获惯性屏气短冲</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">不急于出水换气</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">以避免身体已获惯性提前消耗。他们还重视移臂动作。快速移臂不仅能缩短失</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">去浮力的时间</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">并可加强另一臂的划水力量。他们更注意入水的姿势</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">手入水时不过重击水</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">以免把更多的气泡带入水中</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">入水后不急于下滑</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">而是使带入气泡升腾后</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">在较浅的水层开始屈腕划水。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR style="mso-special-character: line-break"><BR style="mso-special-character: line-break"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><o:p><FONT size=5></FONT></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 2.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 2.25pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2.25pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 2.25pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=bottom><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=5>&nbsp;<SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 2.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 2.25pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2.25pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 2.25pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=5>&nbsp;<SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 2.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 2.25pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2.25pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 2.25pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=5>&nbsp;<SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=5><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2 </FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘"> 改进身体姿势</SPAN></B></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">为提高实效</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">改变身体姿势与提高动作效果有同等重要意义。臂和腿的一切动作都要求有相对的支撑体相运动。身体往往因承担此作用而使流线形遭到破坏。如果臂腿动作配合恰当</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">互为支撑则可省略该动作对身体的支撑要求</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">并可维持身体的平衡。这是技术程度的标志。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">高速游进时头的微小动作会影响身体姿势</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">尤其是影响呼吸动作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">它会加大身体前面的水流混杂程度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">加大水分子流量。但呼吸是必需的生理要求。口要出水吸气</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">使绕身体相对流动的水流混杂</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">加厚加剧附面层的形势。故技术关键是掌握转动时机</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">并在满足呼吸和臂动作需要的前提下减少转动速度和短转动的延续时间。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">我们观察到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">爬泳不加呼吸的配合游时头不随躯干转动</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">保持正直</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">配合呼吸时转动的前半程头先转向呼吸一侧</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">然后是头和躯干同步转向呼吸一侧</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">还原时也是头先于躯干转回。这样用头颈动代替躯干转动幅度的一部分</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">使躯干的转动幅度和延续均有所改进</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">增强了稳定性。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">在划臂和移臂时</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">要求肩、臂保持适宜的角度和结构</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">并要求手臂保持在身体中线下向后划动和出水经空中移臂</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">故必须用躯干转角来调整肩、臂结构和手臂方位。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘"> 运动员为了减少躯干转动幅度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">多以肩胛的游度补偿和代替躯干转角</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">用灵活而有利的肩带保持躯干的平稳以及划臂时对肌肉用力条件和手臂方位的要求。即使如此</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">躯干仍会因配合需要有所转动</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">也必须要带动骨盆和下肢同步转动。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">运动员多在肩带与骨盆中间调节</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">利用腰椎旋转使肩带转而骨盆不转或减少旋转幅度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">借以保持腿脚的打水方向</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">减少或杜绝左右交叉的力量。蝶泳运动员换气时多利用头颈后伸</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">仰头来代替头肩出水程度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">减少躯干的起伏。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><B><FONT face="Times New Roman">3 </FONT></B></SPAN><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘"> 提高臂腿动作效果</SPAN></B></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">提高动作效果多从形状、方向和速度三方面改进。效果的基本因素是形状的利用。运动员手臂开始划水是先屈腕</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">相继屈肘</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">使手和前臂从形状上提前生效。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">当前高肘技术已成为各泳式现代技术的标志。其技术关键是肘的动作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">:</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">开始时上臂内旋</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">屈肘并外移</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">划过肩位后上臂外旋</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">肘随推水向腰部靠拢</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">又随推水上提出水。这样手掌和前臂就以最有效的形状划完全程。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">腿的动作通过踝关节的灵活性保持内收、展屈</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">使脚以最大面积向后打水。蛙泳蹬水时踝的动作更为突出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">收腿时两踝内收</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">使两脚底几乎相对</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">当翻脚后即自然形成脚底正对后方</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">使后蹬时获得最佳形状效果。方向是形状效果的保证</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">形状取决于速度方向上的姿势</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">而方向则要受动作目的的检验</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">应力求与运动目的一致。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">脚打水技术在各泳式中也减少了上下幅度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">都利用前收后推为主</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">上下幅度尽量少超出身体投影</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">从而增大了打水实效</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">使动力直接作用于身体纵轴上。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">当前蛙泳腿的蹬水技术</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">关键在于保证有效形状的蹬水方向</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">在翻脚时膝不作内收</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">蹬水脚分开展髋的同时膝内收</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">用膝内收距离补偿因蹬腿而使两脚必然加大的宽度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">使两脚沿身体纵轴近乎平行的向后蹬出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">从而减小弧形蹬夹带来的形状和方向损失。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">速度的改进主要是指改进划水效果</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">而不是增加频率</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">其动作实质是利用惯性获得附加效果</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">起到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">划不动水</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">的作用。水的流动因人体运动而动</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">并与动体同方向、同速度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">如划动过程加速就会在运动体前后使加速前带动未变的水流慢于运动体</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">使其前面增加压力</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">后面对伴流增加吸力</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">从而加大压力差</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">此即惯性阻力作用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">从而获得划水附加效果。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">通过观察</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">发现在各泳式中有两个能普遍改进的技术</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">一个是提前划水。这里的提前是指距离</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">而不是时间</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">即入水后不急于下滑</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">待前伸至较浅的部位</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">当引入的气泡升腾后才开始屈腕、屈肘</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">使手掌、小臂相继提前进入划水。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">这种技术可加长有效划水距离</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">是适应高速和较匀速条件的有效技术</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">但会加大肩臂肌肉和骨骼姿势的负荷。因此</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">要求肩带控制上臂</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">上臂控制前臂以及前臂控制手的力量要强</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">否则</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">这个提前会因肩臂力量不足而溜肘</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">撑不住水或使动作流于形式。</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></TD></TR><TR><TD class=editor_font align=right height=25><FONT size=5>&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

紫衣の罗兰 发表于 2007-3-28 10:28

看了好几遍,真的很好

天地一沙鸥 发表于 2007-3-28 10:32

好帖子!

大海的风帆 发表于 2007-3-28 21:41

<P>原文由 天地一沙鸥 发表: 好帖子! </P><P><BR><IMG src="/attachments/Upfiles/2007328214044374.jpg"><BR><BR></P>

辉哥 发表于 2007-3-28 23:36

原文由 大海的风帆 发表: <br><P>原文由 天地一沙鸥 发表: 好帖子! </P><P><BR><IMG src="/attachments/Upfiles/2007328214044374.jpg"><BR><BR></P>

黑狗鱼 发表于 2007-3-29 09:17

<BR><IMG src="/attachments/Upfiles/200732991650531.jpg"><BR><BR>原文由 紫衣の罗兰 发表: 看了好几遍,真的很好

冬日暖阳 发表于 2007-4-6 20:46

<br><br><br>引用:<br>--------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>原文由 紫衣の罗兰 发表: 看了好几遍,真的很好 <br>--------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br><br>

泡~泡 发表于 2007-4-23 20:34

认真看,认真学,慢慢地消化!!
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